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Post Graduate Institute of Agriculture , Peradeniya, S.THIRUCHELVAM

EC 5153 (2) RESOURCE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT SEMESTER I 2006/2007 Board of Study in Agricultural Economics. Post Graduate Institute of Agriculture , Peradeniya, S.THIRUCHELVAM. EC 5153 (2:30/00) RESOURCE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT COOURSE OUTLINE I. Basic Concepts Key Process in NRM

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Post Graduate Institute of Agriculture , Peradeniya, S.THIRUCHELVAM

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  1. EC 5153 (2) RESOURCE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENTSEMESTER I 2006/2007Board of Study in Agricultural Economics Post Graduate Institute of Agriculture , Peradeniya, S.THIRUCHELVAM

  2. EC 5153 (2:30/00) RESOURCE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT COOURSE OUTLINE I. Basic Concepts Key Process in NRM  1.Natural Resource Utilization & Management  2. Natural Resource – Ecosystem  3. Sustainable Economy & NRM - Quiz 1 - 5%  4.Neoclassical Econ. Model - Opti. Harvest  5.Institutional Aspects of NRM  6.Demographic Aspects of NRM  7.Natural Resource Degradation - Mid Term - 25% II. Theoretical, Procedural & Tech. Aspects of NRM Quiz 2 - 5% Term Paper &Presentation- 15%  End Term - 50%

  3. I.BASIC CONCEPTS KEY PROCESS IN NRM L 1.1 Basic Idea of Sustainable Resource Mgt. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT – SD ·Meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future to meet their own needs. ·Equity Dimensions- Inter & Intra Generation ·The Central Rationale of SD   Increase SOL of least advantage people & Avoiding uncompensated future cost. ·Compatible Objectives of SD   Economic Growth - Increase Quantity Economic Development - Increase Quality Environmental Protection ·Necessary Condition-SD Time Dimension   Non-Declining Natural Capital,   Maintaining Human Welfare Over Time. ·Integrate Econ., Social &Environment

  4. EVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENT CONSERN •  Econ. Dev. Exp. Over the Past Decade’s • “ The Conspicuous Fifties” •   Infrastructure as constraint. • Capital Intensive - Engineering & Tech. Orientation.  • ·“ The Confident Sixties” •   Industry to Agricultural Fundamentalism- GR • ·“ The Complex Seventies” •   Basic Needs & Human Development • Income Distribution, Social & Management Concern.   • ·“ The Confused Eighties” •   Remove Structural & Macro Distortions •   Concerns on Community Participation. • ·“ The Cautious Nineties” • Environment & Social Sustainability • “ The Conundrum Millennium” • Social Development • Poverty, Governance, Gender, etc.,

  5. 1.2RESOURCE USERS & MANAGERS Direct Resource Users- Farmers, Fishermen All Re. Users are not Resource Managers Park Visitors : Professionals   ·Both concerned on Micro level Mgt. -  Econ. Efficiency : Pvt. Cost < Soci. Cost- Externality ·Macro economic rationality in Mgt. 1.3The Spatio-Institutional Levels- NRMS The Nature, Magnitude & Dimensions ·Single - Aggregate Complex: Hierarchy & Institutional ·Individual, Cluster& Common ·Agro-ecological zones, Water Sheds ·Natural / Administrative Boundaries ·Property / Project Boundaries  

  6. 1.4 PERSPECTIVE & APPROACHES - NRM ·Perspectives and NRM Problems -  Direct Resource cum Managers -  Professional Planners/ Managers -  Environmentalist -  Business lobby/ Legislators ·Mono & Inter Disciplinary - Perspective & Approach Mono - Reductionism - Self interest Holistic - Inter Disciplinary - Pluralism  

  7. PriceG & S House Hold Firm Prodn. FOP Wage The Biophysical Basis of the Econ. Process ·Economic Cycle Nature Extraction - Source   Pollution - Sink - Aesthetic - Price Signals - Non Price Signals ·Whether Free / Planned / Mixed Economy   Guarantee Persist Environment? Economy Embedded in the Eco System 

  8. SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS 1.Green House Gases – GHG -  Heavy reliance on fossil fuel -  Global energy increased 70% -  2% increase over next 15 years -  50% increase GHG emissions. 2.Ozone Layer -  Black market & trade in CFCs etc. -  1987 Montreal Protocol -  Countries commitments -  Need 50 to back to normal. 3.Acid Rain -  SO2 Emission -  Developed countries- strict regu. -  Asia, SO2 E. will double by 2020.

  9. 4.Nitrogen Cycle -  Ferti., human sewage & fossil fuel -  Excess N2 in the past 50 years. -  Reduced soil ferti., eutrofication -  Biologically available N2 double in 25 years. 5.Deforestation -  A leading cause – farming -  Shows no sign of abating. -  20% of world tropical forest cleared bet. 60- 90s. -  Developed countries stable / slight increase -  Natural forest lack adequate protection.

  10. 6. Bio Diversity -  Courses habitat redu. & Pollution -  Competition from non-native plts. -  “exotic Invaders” threat 20% endangered spp. 7. Aquatic Environment -  Most ocean are over fished -  Productivity is on the decline -  58% of the world’s coral reefs & -  34% of all fish species are at risk. 8. Water Scarcity -  21st C’s the most pressing issues -  Moderate to high in 1/3 world’s population rise to 2/3 in the next 30 years.

  11. Environmental Conservation-Why ? • Environment is a resource • Source function • Sink function • Global function • Environment is a unique resource, requiring special attention in sustainable development • Non substitutable functions • Irreversible if damaged • Resilience • Environment is the material/resource link between present and future generations

  12. The Existence Theorem The existence theorem relates the scale & configuration of an economy to the set of environment – economy interrelationships underlying the economy. LinearEconomics The open linear economy needs to be revised revised to allow for the economic functions of natural environments and the & the thermodynamic equivalence between resource extraction and waste discharges. Resource CyclicEconomics Resource Production process Consumption R P C Waste generation W Recycling (Entropy Low) r Assimilatory capacity A

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