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Adult and on and on and on and on and on

Adult and on and on and on and on and on. Adult Nutrition. variety grains, veggies, fruits low in saturated fat and cholesterol moderate in sugars moderate in salt moderate in alcohol moderation in smoked and cured meat balance diet with physical activity. Adulthood.

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Adult and on and on and on and on and on

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  1. Adult and on and on and on and on and on

  2. Adult Nutrition • variety • grains, veggies, fruits • low in saturated fat and cholesterol • moderate in sugars • moderate in salt • moderate in alcohol • moderation in smoked and cured meat • balance diet with physical activity

  3. Adulthood • life expectancy has increased • doubled in 20th century • medicine • living conditions • nutrition • abundant food supply • potential is 130 years

  4. Aging • begins soon after fertilization • young • not apparent • metabolism is geared toward growth and maturation • adult • major task is maintenance • old • body functions decrease as cells die

  5. Healthy Aging • sleep • well-balanced meals • physical activity • no smoking, minimal alcohol • healthy body weight • lifestyle effects accumulate

  6. Physiological Aging Changes • body weight • more body weight is beneficial • defense against disease • body composition • lose bone and muscle (sarcopenia) • lose ability to move and maintain balance

  7. immune system declines • GI tract • loses strength and elasticity • change in hormone secretions • dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing

  8. tooth loss • food variety is limited • sensory loss • taste and smell • diminishes pleasure in eating • sight • hard to cook, read food labels

  9. Other Changes • psychological • depression, loneliness • economic • social • living alone, nursing homes

  10. Nutrient Needs • water • difficult to get a drink • afraid to drink too much • energy • needs decline • BMR declines 1-2 % per decade • men: -10 kcal/day for every year over 19 • women: -7

  11. protein • important for healthy immune system • prevent muscle wasting • carbs • abundant to protect protein • fat • moderate

  12. vitamins • limited intake of fruits, vegetables and milk • supplements may be justified

  13. Nutrient Related Concerns • cataracts • thickening in lenses of eyes • oxidative stress is key player • antioxidant nutrients may benefit • vitamin C, E and carotenoids • macular degeneration • oxidative stress from sunlight

  14. osteoarthritis • deterioration of cartilage in joints • overweight • rheumatoid arthritis • autoimmune disease • attacks bone coverings • antioxidants may help

  15. brain function • neurotransmitters diminish • enzyme dependent – vitamin/mineral dependent

  16. Alzheimer’s Disease • free radicals attack DNA, cell membranes, proteins of nerve cells in brain • diseased brain has clumps of beta-amyloid • free radical accelerate clumping of beta-amyloid, beta-amyloid produce more free radicals • clogs the brain, damages nerve cells

  17. Food Choices and Eating Habits • easy to open • single servings • easy to read labels • familiarity • taste

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