Songbird Conservation Plans for Terrestrial habitats

1. Songbird Conservation Plans for Terrestrial habitats California Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plans are available for downloading at www.prbo.org. Sierra Nevada Range Grasslands Coastal Scrub & Chaparral Oak Woodlands Coniferous Forest Riparian

2. Multi-species Approach to Conservation Planning This image displays a few of the species found in CA riparian habitat and the different layers and substrates in which they prefer to nest. .

3. Coniferous Forest Black-backed Woodpecker Black-throated Gray Warbler Brown Creeper Dark-eyed Junco Flammulated Owl Fox Sparrow Golden-crowned Kinglet MacGillivray's Warbler Olive-sided Flycatcher Pileated Woodpecker Red-breasted Nuthatch Vaux's Swift Western Tanager Coastal Scrub/Chaparral Mountain Quail Greater Roadrunner (Coastal) Lesser Nighthawk (Coastal) Costa's Hummingbird Coastal Cactus Wren Blue-gray Gnatcatcher California Gnatcatcher Wrentit LeConte’s Thrasher Gray Vireo Rufous-crowned Sparrow Black-chinned Sparrow Bell's Sage Sparrow Nuttall's White-crowned Sparrow Oak Woodland Acorn Woodpecker Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Lark Sparrow Nuttall's Woodpecker Oak Titmouse Western Bluebird Western Scrub-jay Yellow-billed Magpie Fifty-six focal species Riparian Bank Swallow Bell's Vireo Black-headed Grosbeak Blue Grosbeak Common Yellowthroat Song Sparrow Swainson's Hawk Swainson's Thrush Warbling Vireo Willow Flycatcher Wilson's Warbler Yellow-billed Cuckoo Yellow-breasted Chat Yellow Warbler Grassland Ferruginous Hawk Grasshopper Sparrow Mountain Plover Northern Harrier Western Meadowlark White-tailed Kite Savannah Sparrow Burrowing Owl

4. Over 220 specific multi-species recommendations in California PIF Bird Conservation Plans • Recommendation 3.6: • Plant a minimum of 3 tree species including willow, alder, and elderberry in Central Valley and foothill riparian habitats. • Species Benefited: • Black-headed Grosbeak • Lazuli Bunting • Spotted Towhee • Western Kingbird • Western Wood Pewee • Recommendation 4.1: • Restore and manage riparian forests to promote structural diversity and high volume of the understory. • Species Benefited: • Blue Grosbeak • Common Yellowthroat • Least Bell’s Vireo • Song Sparrow • Spotted Towhee • Swainson’s Thrush • Willow Flycatcher • Wilson’s Warbler • Yellow-breasted Chat • Yellow Warbler

5. Sophie Webb California Partners in FlightOverview September 2002 • Test recommendations in other bioregions and conditions. • Disseminaterecommendations. • Addition of new focal species. • Development of population targets with demographic parameters for each focal species in each bioregion (and watersheds if possible) • Develop of long-term assessment monitoring programs (with reference sites) in each bioregion of CA

6. Restoration recommendations from the Central Valley A) Maintain patchy and varied age strucuture 1. High water events will contribute to structural diversity resembling that of structurally diverse riparian systems, and provide more heterogeneous nesting habitat. 2. Regeneration of habitat mosaics. 3. May reduce populations of nest predators. Cosumnes River levee break

7. Sophie Webb California Partners in FlightPriorities for implementation September 2002 • Test recommendations in other bioregions and conditions. • Disseminateand integraterecommendations. • Addition of new focal species. • Development of population targets with demographic parameters for each focal species in each bioregion (and watersheds if possible) • Develop of long-term assessment monitoring programs (with reference sites) in each bioregion of CA

8. Dissemination and Integration • Workshop that include BCP recommendations. • NRCS Wetland Restoration, Management and Compatible Use. • State agencies ‘Legacy Program’ • With stakeholders and watershed groups. • Joint Projects • Central Valley Joint Venture • NRCS Conservation Reserve and Enhancement Program • Funding (project ranking) • US Forest Service Charter • San Francisco Bay Joint Venture Creeks Comm. • RHJV project selection criteria. • NAWCA • Endangered species Act ?

9. Groups in California currently using Cal PIF Bird Conservation Plans. Central Valley Joint Venture Intermountain West Joint Venture National Park Service Vital Signs Cal Fed SonoranJoint Venture NRCS (RCD, CREP) Wildlands Project CDFG Species of Concern San Francisco Bay Joint Venture Pacific Coast Joint Venture Sierra Nevada Framework

10. Sophie Webb California Partners in FlightPriorities for implementation September 2002 • Test recommendations in other bioregions and conditions. • Disseminaterecommendations. • Addition of new focal species. • Development of population targets with demographic parameters for each focal species in each bioregion (and watersheds if possible). • Develop of long-term assessment monitoring programs (with reference sites) in each bioregion of CA.

11. Riparian species abundance data used as suggested population targets in Riparian Bird Conservation Plan. Riparian Plan Table 5-2. Suggested population targets by species and bioregion 2.29

12. Yellow Warbler densities at Rush Creek • 2.29 pairs / ha

13. Mayfield estimates of nest survivorship (S) (mean and observed ‘range’) of 10 (of 26) species of open-cup nesters in the Central Valley .

14. Song Sparrow Model for the Central Valley Lowest observed nest success: lambda = 0.66 # nestlings/successful nest (calculated from 99 nests ) # nesting attempts (est. from color-banded pop) Juvenile survival to age 1 (Mandarte Island, BC) Adult survival, (PRBO Marin Co., CA 16 years) 0.60 + (2.82 x0.05x 2.20 x 0.40)/2 = 0.66 0.60 + (2.82 x0.24x 2.20 x 0.40)/2 = 0.90 Highest observed estimate of nest success Lowest observed estimate of nest success Highest observed nest success: lambda = 0.90

15. Sophie Webb California Partners in FlightPriorities for Implementation September 2002 • Test recommendations in other bioregions and conditions. • Disseminaterecommendations. • Addition of new focal species. • Development of population targets with demographic parameters for each focal species in each bioregion (and watersheds if possible) • Develop of long-term assessment monitoring programs (with reference sites) in each bioregion of CA.

16. Evaluate efficacy of riparian restoration on Sacramento River 12 steps for implementing assessment monitoring Step 1 Identify issues Restore functioning riparian ecosystem with meander that supports self-sustaining and diverse songbird populations Step2 Set biological goals Breeding and migrating land bird diversity will increase with current restoration efforts (both process-based and horticultural). Integrate with other conservation and management plans and stimulate research Step3 Develop specific biological objectives Revise Standardized bird surveys and vegetation information and nest monitoring performed Step 4 and 5 collect and store data Results suggest increase shrub cover is associated with species diversity and may increase nest success Step 11 and 12 New data and multi-year analysis of nest data suggest that nest success increases with amount of mugwort and rush cover. Add mugwort and rush to planting mix Step6 Generate result Increase shrub species in planting mix and increase scouring by removing levees Step 10 repeat Step 7 and 8 Implementation Bird surveys and nest monitoring continue. Step9 continue data collection