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History of Anatomy and Physiology (16 th Century)

History of Anatomy and Physiology (16 th Century). Garbo Chen, Dominique Zollo , Maggie Werner, and Sami Mindlin. Claudius Galen. H umeral theory—classified them into 4 types: phlegmatic, sanguine, choleric, and melancholic.

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History of Anatomy and Physiology (16 th Century)

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  1. History of Anatomy and Physiology (16th Century) Garbo Chen, Dominique Zollo, Maggie Werner, and Sami Mindlin

  2. Claudius Galen • Humeral theory—classified them into 4 types: phlegmatic, sanguine, choleric, and melancholic. • Veins are connected to the heart, but that nerves come from the central nervous system. • Described: • Nerve to the voice box • Anatomy of the spinal chord and uterus • Bones and their muscle attachments • Muscles work in contracting pairs • Structural differences between arteries and veins • Arteries contain blood not air

  3. Andreas Vesalius • Combined work of Aristotle and other Greeks with own dissections • Had the opportunity to dissect human corpses • Realized that most of Galen’s finding were wrong • Published anatomy book that included his own discoveries of human body • De humanicorporisfabricalibriseptem

  4. William Harvey • First to accurately describe how blood was pumped through the body, by the heart • Fabricius taught him that veins had one way valves • Explained how the heart moved blood in a circular pattern in the body • He was the first to suggest that mammals reproduced by the fertilization of an egg by a sperm

  5. Leonardo Da Vinci • 1st to use visualsinstead of descriptions • Wanted to explain anatomy and physiology • Able to perform 30 dissections of the human body • Saw organs as “Motors” and the body as a “Machine” • Compared human proportion to geometry • The body is a microcosm of the universe

  6. Rembrandt • “The Anatomy Lesson” • Dr. Deijman dissection

  7. Bibliography • Patsons, William. "William Harvey (1578 - 1657)." BBC News. BBC, 30 Aug. 2006. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/harvey_william.shtml>. • Clayton, Martin, and Ron Philo. "Leonardo Da Vinci: Anatomist." University of Chicago Press. University of Chicago, 21 Oct. 2004. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/L/bo13284602.html>. • Veltman, Kim H. "Leonardo Da Vinci: Studies of the Human Body and Principles of Anatomy." Leonardo Da Vinci: Studies of the Human Body and Principles of Anatomy. University of Massachusetts, 29 Feb. 2008. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://www.mmi.unimaas.nl/people/veltman/articles/leonardo/Lenardo da Vinci Studies of the Human Nody and Prinicples of Anatomy.html>. • Butler, Sasha. "Leonardo Da Vinci's Life." Leonardo Da Vinci. Da Vinci Life, 4 June 2003. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://www.davincilife.com/vitruvianman.html>. • Moskowitz, Frederick J. "Leonardo's Vitruvian Man." The Vitruvian Man. Stanford University, 9 Jan. 2008. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://leonardodavinci.stanford.edu/submissions/clabaugh/history/leonardo.html>. • Stern, Athena. "Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)." BBC News. BBC, 12 July 2007. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/vesalius_andreas.shtml>. • Lee, Christian. "Comparative Anatomy: Andreas Vesalius." Comparative Anatomy: Andreas Vesalius. University of Michigan, 5 Oct. 2000. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. <http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/history_02>. • Crocker, Bertha. "Welcome to the Rijksmuseum!" Rijksmuseum – The Museum of the Netherlands. Rijkmuseum, 5 May 1998. Web. 13 Sept. 2013. https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en. • Lyons, Albert S. "The Greek Physician Galen." The Greek Physician Galen. Health Guidance, 22 Jan. 2010. Web. 13 Sept. 2013. <http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/6341/1/The-Greek-Physician-Galen.html>. • Smith, Jonathan. "Medical Discoveries." Galen. Discoveries in Medicine, Feb.-Mar. 2010. Web. 13 Sept. 2013. <http://www.discoveriesinmedicine.com/General-Information-and-Biographies/Galen.html>. • Brown, Jillian. "William Harvey (1578 - 1657)." BBC News. BBC, 31 Oct. 2005. Web. 13 Sept. 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/harvey_william.shtml>.

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