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TOPIC 6.3: Magnetic Fields and Forces

TOPIC 6.3: Magnetic Fields and Forces. These notes were typed in association with Physics for use with the IB Diploma Programme by Michael Dickinson. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field. 6.3 Introduction.

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TOPIC 6.3: Magnetic Fields and Forces

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  1. TOPIC 6.3: Magnetic Fields and Forces These notes were typed in association with Physics for use with the IB Diploma Programme by Michael Dickinson

  2. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3 Introduction. • We’ve already studied electric fields and seen that they exist in a region of space surrounding an electric charge • This idea can be applied to magnetism. • If iron filings are sprinkled on top of a bar magnet, they will show a pattern which traces the lines of magnetic force around the magnet.

  3. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3 Introduction. • The earth behaves like a massive magnet. • The south pole of the magnet at the geographic north pole and visa versa. • When a compass is positioned anywhere within the Earth’s magnetic field, the needle will orientate itself along the Earth’s magnetic field with it’s magnetic north pole directed towards the Earth’s geographic north pole.

  4. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.1 State that moving charges give rise to magnetic fields. 6.3.2 Draw magnetic field patterns due to currents. • When an electrical current flows in a piece of wire then a magnetic field is produced around the wire. • We can correctly predict the direction of the magnetic field using the “right hand grip rule”

  5. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field • The thumb points to the current • The fingers show the direction of circular magnetic field. • The space between the field lines increase with distance from the wire. Meaning a weaker field the further away. • As the current increases the strength of the magnetic field increases.

  6. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.3 Determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. • When a current-carrying wire is placed in a magnetic field a magnetic force is produced. This usually causes either the magnet or conductor to move. • The force will be perpendicular to the current and the magnetic field. • We use “Fleming’s left hand rule”

  7. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.3 Determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. • This acronym might help: TFC

  8. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.3 Determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. • Look at the diagram and identify the direction of the Fmag • Answer: Down

  9. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.3 Determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. • Consider a dart or arrow moving away from you. You would see its tail end. If the dart was moving toward you , you would see its tip.

  10. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.3 Determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. • That means the picture from earlier could be drawn like this.

  11. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field Practice

  12. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.6 Solve problems involving magnetic forces, fields and currents. • The size of the magnetic force, Fmag, is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field, B, the size of the current, I, and the length of the wire (that is in the magnetic field), L. Formula • F = BIL • Magnetic field strength, B, is measured in Tesla, T. • Magnetic force, F, is measured in Newtons, N • Current, I, is measured in Amps, A • Length of wire, L, measured in Meters, m

  13. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.6 Solve problems involving magnetic forces, fields and currents. I SHOW YOU Sample Problem B • A wire 36m long carries a current of 22A from east to west. If the magnetic force on the wire due to Earth’s magnetic field is downward (toward Earth) and has a magnitude of 4.0 x 10-2N, find the magnitude of the magnetic field at this location. • Answer: 5 x 10-5 T to the west

  14. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.6 Solve problems involving magnetic forces, fields and currents. WE TRY TOGETHER Practice 13 • A piece of copper wire is held perpendicular to a magnetic field of strength 0.25 Teslas. The length of the conductor within the field is 10cm. If a current of 8 Amps is allowed to flow in the wire, what is the force on the wire? • Answer: 0.2 N

  15. 6.3 Magnetic Force and Field 6.3.6 Solve problems involving magnetic forces, fields and currents. YOU DO • Practice B #2-4 pg 692 in book Answers: • 1) 1.7 x 10-7 T in the +z direction • 2) 0.050 T • 3) 1.5 T • 4) 0.59 m

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