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Corticosteroid level. LD. 0 4 8 12 16 20. Adrenal. . Cortex. rapid behavioral responses memory consolidation and retrieval fear and anxiety aggression locomotion vigilance and gating reward. VTA/SN DA. .
                
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Corticosteroid level LD 0 4 8 12 16 20 Adrenal  Cortex • rapid behavioral responses • memory consolidation and retrieval • fear and anxiety • aggression • locomotion • vigilance and gating • reward VTA/SN DA  Amygdala   Hippocampus CRH/GABA  Raphe nuclei 5-HT Locus coeruleus NE  Circadian and ultradian rhythms of corticosteroid secretion Glutamate BNST Ultradian secretion Circadian profile GABA Hypothalamus (PVN)  CRH AVP  Anterior pituitary ACTH Zeitgeber time (z) active phase inactive phase rodent Corticosteroids human