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This overview of trusts explains their core concepts, focusing on the roles of the settlor, trustee, and beneficiary. A settlor transfers legal title to a trustee, who manages the property per legal duties and the settlor's instructions, ultimately distributing it to beneficiaries. Trusts serve various purposes, including protecting beneficiaries, offering flexible asset distribution, and providing management in cases of settlor incompetence. The Texas Trust Code governs existing trust laws, emphasizing considerations like costs versus benefits.
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Basic Idea Settlor Legal Equitable Interest Interest Trustee Beneficiary
Basic Functioning • Settlor transfers legal title to trustee (honest and reliable) and equitable title to beneficiary (deserving of windfall). • Trustee manages property according to legal duties and settlor’s instructions. • Trustee distributes to beneficiaries according to settlor’s instructions. • Trust ends when duties complete.
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 1. Provide for and protect beneficiary • Minors • Incompetents • People without management skills • Spendthrifts
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 2. Flexibility of asset distribution • Spread benefits over time. • Give trustee discretion whom to pay and how much to pay. • Set standards. • Impose conditions.
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 3. Protection against settlor’s incompetence • The “stand by” trust
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 4. Professional management of property
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 5. Probate avoidance.
Purposes and Uses of Trusts • 6. Tax benefits
Warning! • Trusts, although very helpful, are not always worth the cost, expense, and hassle.
Texas Trust Legislation • 1. Before 1943 • Case law • Sparse statutes
Texas Trust Legislation • 2. April 19, 1943 to December 31, 1983 • Texas Trust Act
Texas Trust Legislation • 3. January 1, 1984 to present • Texas Trust Code • Part of Property Code • Trust legislation is also found in many other places.