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In today’s lab, we focus on the scientific method, emphasizing that real scientists don’t always follow a precise manual—they explore the unknown. Real-world experimentation involves navigating confusion and uncertainty, much like John Snow did during the 1854 London cholera outbreak. The lab activities include observing chemical reactions, analyzing unknown liquids, and understanding data patterns in DNA research pioneered by scientists like Erwin Chargaff. Students will engage hands-on in experimentation, enhancing their understanding of scientific principles and methodologies.
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Point of Today’s Lab • In a real job, in real science, you will not have a lab manual with a cookbook recipe of steps for you follow • Scientists get paid to figure things out….not do experiments they already KNOW the answer to • A lot of being a scientist….is sitting in confusion
Experimentation • It’s how we learn important things about the world • Good experimentation: baby monkey • Poor experimentation: kitten • Observation: you
You play the “Scientist” everyday • You stumble out of your room at 4 a.m. and turn on a lamp • Nothing happens • Now what? Curse the darkness?
How has this been used? • John Snow • London Cholera Outbreak in 1854 • Thought it was spread by fog and mist • Discovered it was from a contaminated water pump
The Road to DNA Discovery • Erwin Chargaff • Data displays that organisms have roughly equal amounts of DNA base pairs • Real structure later discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick….Rosalyn Franklin?
Chargaff • Maybe Chargaff didn’t discover the structure of DNA….but he contributed a VERY IMPORTANT OBSERVATION that lead to the discovery. Sometimes we don’t always get a conclusion. That’s okay. His observations many scientists later
Unknown Liquids • Mix samples and deduce something about their relationship • 3 mL in each tube • You have indicators A & B, you also have substances 1-6 • Addition of 5 drops should be enough for change • KEEP TRACK OF WHAT YOU ADD TO WHAT
Pattern Master • Bio 181L Go Folder Pattern Master • Pattern Master for Fun- Select Demo • Find a pattern relating to shapes, colors, numbers, letters, etc. • Put cards in correct order to make them all “happy” or green
Rule Quest • Given 1-step clockwise*, it could be... • Perimeter to top inner color • Top inner color to lower left color • Lower right color to lower left color *NEIGHBOR definitions are clockwise, counterclockwise
Homework • Quantum Mine (BONUS) • Logic of Disproof Assessor • Pattern Master (Individual) • Easy= 45 Points, Medium= 50, Hard= 55 • 50 for written portion (follow rubric) • Written explanation of unknown liquids (Group) • Rubric and example on lab calendar
Quantum Mine • Bio 181L Go Folder Quantum Mine • Don’t Log in- click “New Mine” • Shoot light beams, find out where gems are
Rules of the Mine or... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Box_(game) 16