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Alexander’s Conquests

Alexander the Great prioritized the expansion of his empire over governance, leading him to cross the Indus River and triumph over the Persians. His legacy united Greece but culminated in the fragmentation of his empire into three kingdoms: Macedon, Egypt, and Syria. This division spread Hellenism across Asia, merging Greek culture with local customs. Influential figures like Phidias and Archimedes advanced sciences and arts, evidenced by enduring mathematical principles and the architecture of iconic structures such as the Lincoln Memorial, showcasing Hellenistic influence.

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Alexander’s Conquests

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  1. Alexander’s Conquests • Lead him Further East: • More interested in expanding the Empire than ruling it • Crosses the Indus River and defeats the Persians • Why is expansion East so important?

  2. Alexander’s Legacy • United Greece • After his death, empire fell apart • Divided into 3 kingdoms • Macedon, Egypt, & Syria • Hellenism:Spread into Asia • Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, & Indian influences • Alexander spread Greek technology and ideas throughout his empire • He brought to the Persians the Greek way of life • cities were placed on trade routes: goods b/w East & West

  3. The Roman Coliseum has a strong Hellenistic influence.

  4. What buildings in the USA have a Hellenistic influence?

  5. Lincoln Memorial BBC - Schools - Ancient Greece Theatre

  6. Greek Culture

  7. Phidias’ Acropolis

  8. The Acropolis Today

  9. Classical Architecture

  10. Types of Columns… Doric Columns of the Parthenon

  11. Ionic columns Corinthian-style

  12. Classical Greek Art

  13. Balance, symmetry, harmony Showing the proportionate human form was of importance. Most famous sculptor: Phidias

  14. Greek Drama

  15. Theatre

  16. Hellenism The East Meets The West

  17. Alexandria, Egypt • Center of all Hellenistic culture. • Thriving commerce • Mixture of eastern/western cultures melded

  18. Hellenistic Science & Tech • Astronomy: Aristarchus v. Ptolemy • Aristarchus = sun is 300x larger than Earth & heliocentric theory • Ptolemy = geocentric theory • Eratosthenes = circumference of earth is between 28-29,000 mi. Actual circumference is 24,860!

  19. Hellenistic Mathematics • Geometry: Euclid • The Elements • Theorems/postulates are unchanged today! • Physics: Archimedes • 3.14…..... Importance? • Law of the lever • Compound pulley

  20. Hellenistic Art • Qualities: Display emotion & action • Meant to commemorate heroes, honor gods. • Ordinary people served as inspiration too vs.

  21. Hellenistic Art

  22. Hellenistic Art

  23. Hellenistic Art Cont’d vs.

  24. Classical or Hellenistic?

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