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The Impact of Geography on Ancient Greek City-States: Athens and Sparta

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Geography significantly influenced ancient Greek civilization, characterized by its mountainous terrain that hindered the unification of communities. These natural barriers led to the development of independent political units known as city-states, with Athens and Sparta as the most notable examples. Athens emerged as a democratic leader in culture, allowing active citizen participation in law-making, while Sparta developed a militaristic society, focusing on the strength of its army and strict regulations over its helot slave population. This text explores the contrasts between life in Athens and Sparta, highlighting their unique societal structures.

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The Impact of Geography on Ancient Greek City-States: Athens and Sparta

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  1. Chris Thomas Classic Civilizations

  2. Geography • Geography played a huge part in shaping ancient Greek civilization. • Ancient Greece mountanious terrain made it difficult to unite. • Because of the natural barriers communities were isloated and later developed into independent political units called city-states.

  3. Peninsula • A peninsula is a mass of land surround by water.

  4. City-States • The two most important city-states were Athens & Sparta.

  5. Life In Athens • Athens was a democratic society and became the cultural leader in Greece. • It was a direct democracy so all citizens assembled to make laws for themselves. However, citizenship was limited to males who owned land. • Women in Athens were treated well but had few rights. • Only boys recivied education and were trained to become good citizens.

  6. Life in Sparta • Unlike other Greek city-states, Sparta was a military camp. • Sparta ruled over a huge slave population known as helots. • Their army was the most powerful in Greece. • If a baby was born weak or deformed they were thrown away to die. • Boys spent most their life in the military. They were removed from their homes at age seven until twenty, then they were on active duty from twenty to sixty. • Government was run by two kings and five elders who held total power.

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