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Understanding Genes and Chromosomes: Inheritance and Physical Traits

On December 4 and 5, 2012, students explored the role of genes and chromosomes in inheritance. Each human cell has 46 chromosomes, with half inherited from each parent. The lesson included diagrams to illustrate chromosome structure and physical traits like hair and eye color. Students engaged in activities, including drawing representations of traits related to chromosomes, while discussing how genetic information is passed down. The objective was to describe how traits are inherited, fostering a deeper understanding of genetics.

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Understanding Genes and Chromosomes: Inheritance and Physical Traits

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  1. December 4, 2012 (A Day) Agenda • DSJ #16 • Genes and Chromosomes (Notes) • Chromosome Diagram – Textbook p. 174 • DSR #16

  2. December 5, 2012 (B Day - Substitute) Agenda • DSJ #16 • Genes and Chromosomes (Notes) • Chromosome Diagram – Textbook p. 174 • DSR #16

  3. DSJ #16 • Science Notebook – Page 35B • Prompt: Give several examples of possible physical characteristics that can be passed from parent to offspring. How do you think these traits are passed on from parents to offspring?

  4. Genes and Chromosomes Science Notebook – Page 35A (Directions: Copy the following bulleted notes.)

  5. Learning Objective Students will describe the role chromosomes play in inheritance.

  6. Genes and Chromosomes • Each human body cell contains 23 chromosome pairs, or 46 chromosomes. 23 x

  7. Genes and Chromosomes • One chromosome in a pair comes from the female parent and the other comes from the male parent. father Mother

  8. Genes and Chromosomes • So, half of all chromosomes come from each parent.

  9. Genes and Chromosomes • Chromosomes are made up of many genes joined together like beads on a string.

  10. Genes and Chromosomes • Each gene controls a physical trait, like hair color, eye color, or skin color.

  11. Genes and Chromosomes • There are usually two copies of every gene. • The genes are lined up in the same order on both chromosomes. • Each copy of a gene may be different from the other copy.

  12. Chromosome Diagram • Science Notebook – Page 36B • Textbook Page 174. • Copy the diagram. • In the area surrounding the chromosome, draw symbols of examples of human physical traits. (Ex. Draw a pair of eyes for eye color, or a face with freckles, etc.) • Include all labels. • It must be in color.

  13. DSR #16 • Science Notebook – Page 35B (Under DSJ #16) • Prompt: How many chromosomes do humans have? Where do the come from? How are genes arranged on chromosomes?

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