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MUSSOLINI'S ECONOMIC POLICIES

MUSSOLINI'S ECONOMIC POLICIES. AIM: TO INCREASE PRODUCTION, MODERNIZATION, AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY. BY: MALIHA AND HARA. BATTLE FOR LAND. Aims. To increase the land available for cereal pro duction and help the Battle for Grain Provide more jobs, reducing une mploym ent, stimulating demand

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MUSSOLINI'S ECONOMIC POLICIES

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  1. MUSSOLINI'S ECONOMIC POLICIES AIM: TO INCREASE PRODUCTION, MODERNIZATION, AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY BY: MALIHA AND HARA

  2. BATTLE FOR LAND

  3. Aims • To increase the land available for cereal production and help the Battle for Grain • Provide more jobs, reducing unemployment, stimulating demand • To improve health by reducing malaria therefore improving living standards • To show dynamic government in action, impressing foreigners • To revive rural Italy by altering the pattern of small farmers at the expense of large estates.

  4. Public health was improved • Provided thousands of jobs during the depression • New towns—Latina and Sabaudia—created as show pieces • Between 1928 and 1938 80,000 hectares were reclaimed.

  5. Failures • Three quarters of land was in the North; the South was neglected which needed improving the most • The Fascist regime achieved nothing in the way of land redistribution, which was, in any event, inconsistent with the central thrust of the more high profile Battle for Grain • Subsidies benefitted large landowners rather than peasants; fewer than 10,000 peasant families were re-settled on reclaimed land, because the desire for increased wheat production called for large scale, machine based farming methods, not hand labour on peasant plots. • The scheme was abandoned in 1940.

  6. BATTLE FOR GRAIN

  7. Aims • To boost cereal production to make Italy self-sufficient in grain • to reduce thebalance of trade deficit • to lower the necessity for foreign imports of bread • to show Italy as a major force

  8. Actions • 1925 High tariffs on imported bread • Previously infertile land was utilised • Government gave grants to farmers for machinery and fertilizer

  9. Results • Cereal production doubled from 1922 to 1939 and was self-sufficient by 1940 • Wheat imports went down 75% between 1925 and 1935 • Other vital aspects of agriculture were ignored • Necessity of the import of fertilizers posed as a problem in WW2 • Cost of bread sharply increased • Italian diet generally decreased in nutritional value

  10. BATTLE FOR LIRA

  11. "In the first five years of Mussolini's rule, taxes on the wealthy were slashed, banking deregulated, taxes on corporate dictators slashed and later eliminated, and all luxury taxes repealed. In addition, all inheritance taxes were repealed, as well as taxes on stock and bond transactions, and on movement of capital in and out of the country"

  12. AIMS • Fix the rate of Lira/British Pound at 90 Lira • Reduce inflation • Confirm image of stability due to Fascism • Prove to others that Italy and its currency are STRONG

  13. BATTLE FOR LIRA • Lira collapsed; banks were hanging on the edge • Rate of Lira/BP reached 150 in 1926 • Government forced to bail them out • Lead to inflation, but then Mussolini forced a major deflation policy: raised interest rates, reducing money supply

  14. SOURCES • http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/2008/2008_1-9/2008_1-9/2008-9/pdf/16-21_3509.pdf

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