NorthStar Basic /Low Intermediate Reading / Writing

1. NorthStar Basic /Low IntermediateReading / Writing Unit 4: Save the Elephants Prepared by: Azza Khattab Omar

2. The main idea of the unit • Some animals are extinct ( they no more live on earth). Some are endangered ( face the danger of being extinct). And some are not in danger. • We should try to protect the endangered species. We should stop logging companies from cutting down trees, which are the homes of some birds such as the northern spotted owls.

3. Different opinions • A lot of people are against loggers and hunters because they endanger the lives of some species such as the grizzly bear, the elephant and the tiger. People believe that loggers and hunters should be stopped and prevented from cutting more trees or killing animals. • Loggers and hunters have a different point of view. They think that they should do their jobs in order to provide their families with the needed expenses for living. • Some people think that governments should advise loggers and hunters to stop endangering animals. They think that governments should help those people find other jobs to earn their living.

4. Vocabulary • Native (adj): describes plants and animals which grow naturally in a place • Wild (adj): a wild animal or plant lives or grows on its own in natural conditions and is not raised by humans • Ivory (n) : the yellowish-white bone that an elephant’s tusks are made of • Donation (n): when money or goods are given to help a person or organization • Illegal (adj) : against the law • Loggers (n) : people who work for logging companies / those who cut down trees • Hunters (n) : people who hunt animals to get money by selling their skins or fur • Convince (v) : to persuade someone or make them certain

5. More Vocabulary • Protect (v) : save from danger • Jewellery (n): such as gold or silver necklaces, earrings , rings…… • Wildlife park (n): a park for wild animals where they are protected • Fund (n): a sum of money saved, collected or provided for a particular purpose • By + a year : By 1907 • Extinct (adj) : no more existing • Article (n) : a topic written about in a newspaper • Editor (n) : a person who is in charge of a newspaper or magazine: • Save (v) : keep safe from danger • Endangered (adj) : being in danger of becoming extinct

6. Letter Writing • A letter has five parts: • 1- date • 2- opening • 3- body • 4- closing • 5- signature

7. The five parts of a letter • The date: is usually in the top right corner of the paper • Opening : a greeting : “ Dear….” and a comma • Body : your message – one or more paragraphs • Closing : such as “ All the best” , “Best Wishes”, “Yours truly”, “Sincerely” ….. • Signature : your first name for people you know, your full name for other people

8. Personal and business letters • Personal letters are those which you send to friends or people you already know. 1-When you sign, write your first name 2-There is no need to write your name after the date. • Business letters are those sent to people for business reasons. 1-When you write a business letter, write your name and address after the date. 2-If you write to a person you know his / her name, write his / her name and title. If you don’t know the person, write “ To Whom It May Concern”. 3-Use “ Sincerely” for the closing. 4- When signing, write your full name and job title. 5- Business letters should be typed if possible.

9. Grammar Wh-questions in the Simple Present Tense • Wh words : ( when / why / where/ who/ what / how / which ) Form: Wh word + do / does / is / are / am + subject + base verb ( if there are any)…? Where does she take her lessons? Why do you come late? When is the meeting? How are you today? Who am I to talk to ? What is your name?

10. Questions that ask about subjects: • If you ask about a subject ( person / people), use “who” Maha speaks English fluently. Who speaks English fluently? • If you ask about a subject ( non person ), use “ what” The lesson has three topics. What has three topics?

11. Review Exercises • Choose the correct answers: • 1- In a ………………letter the name and address comes at the top of the page. • a) friendly b) personal c) business d) congratulation • 2- You write “ Dear” and the name of the person you are sending a letter to …………. • a) to close the letter • b) to start the letter • c) in the middle of the letter • d) before you sign your name. • 3- When you close a letter, you write…………………………. • a) Best wishes b) Sincerely c) Yours truly d) a , b and c • 4- You write the date ………………………..of the letter • a) in the bottom right corner • b) in the top left corner • c) in the bottom left corner • d) in the top right corner • 5- A ………….should follow a word or a phrase like “All the best” , “Yours truly” , • “Dear Ms. Dahlia” or “Best wishes”. • a) period b) full stop c) question mark d) comma

12. More Exercises • 6- The main parts of a letter are ……………………….. • a) the body and the end. • b) the date , the opening , the body , the closing and the signature. • c) the date , the address , the body and the signature. • d) the date , the person’s name , “ Dear” and “Sincerely”. • 7- We use “Sincerely” for the ……………………. • a) opening of the letter b) closing of the letter • c) middle of the letter d) top right corner of the letter • 8- he / does / a / where / ride / bike ( Rearrange to form a question) • a) Where he does ride a bike? • b) Where does ride he a bike? • c) Where does he ride a bike? • d) Does he ride a bike where?

13. More Exercises • 9- Who does give you a flower? ( Correct the mistake) a- Who give you a flower ? b- Who gives you a flower? c- What giving you a flower? d- Where gives you a flower? 10- I need to write a letter to my friend. ( Ask about the underlined words) a- What you need to write to your friend? b- What does you need to write to your friend? c- Who do you need to write to your friend? d- What do you need to write to your friend?