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Maquiladoras and Export Processing Zones

3,000 factories in Northern mexico Average wage is 1-2 dollars/hour “sweatshop” like conditions Result primarily of NAFTA Mostly American, European, and Japanese companies Competition from China is putting many of these Mexican factories out of business.

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Maquiladoras and Export Processing Zones

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  1. 3,000 factories in Northern mexico Average wage is 1-2 dollars/hour “sweatshop” like conditions Result primarily of NAFTA Mostly American, European, and Japanese companies Competition from China is putting many of these Mexican factories out of business. Maquiladoras and Export Processing Zones

  2. Chapter 6. Urban Land Use: The CBD • Monocentric city (up to 1950) • Polycentric city (after the development freeways and the “edge cities”) • Concepts of centrality and accessibility determines mono and poly-configured metropolitan form

  3. Agglomeration economies • Localization economies • Savings that result when like or similar locate near each other (ex. Fast food restaurants) • Urbanization economies • Savings that result when unlike activities locate near each other (mall and grocery store)

  4. Agglomeration Linkages • Ancillary linkages • Clusters of unlike activities which serve a mutual market, client, or corporation (PS is a good example • Companion linkages • When several unlike activities depend on a common supplier (like an advertising firm) • Competitive linkages • When like or similar retail clusters for competitive advantage • Complimentary linkages • When related functions serve the same market (convention towns)

  5. Traditional CBD characteristics • PLVI • CBD “frame” • Zones of assimilation and discard • Daytime/nightime populations • 1950 vs. 2005

  6. The post 1950 decline of the CBD • Manufacturing is first to close • “just in time” delivery • Train vs. truck transport • Less expensive land on metro edge • Abundance of space (horizontalization) • Retailing follows • Establishment of regional suburban malls in early 1970s

  7. Late 70’s and early 80s: the beginings of the downtown renaissance • The Festival Marketplace

  8. Boston’s Fanuiel Hall

  9. Milwaukee’s Grand Ave. Mall

  10. 1990s and 2000s • Massive residential conversion • Lofts of the old CBD frame • Old office towers • New construction

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