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S kills : none

Innovation timing. S kills : none C oncepts : innovation timing, research prototype, commodity versus custom hardware, graphical user interface, contributions of Doug Engelbart , Ivan Sutherland, and Xerox PARC.

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S kills : none

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  1. Innovation timing Skills: none Concepts: innovation timing, research prototype, commodity versus custom hardware, graphical user interface, contributions of Doug Engelbart, Ivan Sutherland, and Xerox PARC This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.

  2. Where does this topic fit? • Internet concepts • Applications • Technology • Implications • Internet skills • Application development • Content creation • User skills

  3. A typical graphical user interface

  4. Doug Engelbart, 1968 Ivan Sutherland 1963

  5. The TX-2 at MIT

  6. The Alto at Xerox PARC, 1973

  7. Fail: Xerox Star, 1981 Custom hardware

  8. Fail: Apple Lisa, 1983 Custom hardware

  9. Success: Apple Macintosh, 1984 Custom hardware

  10. Fail: VisiOn, 1983 Commodity PCs

  11. Fail: Windows 1, 1985 Commodity PCs

  12. Fail: Windows 2, 1987 Commodity PCs

  13. Success: Windows 3, 1990 Commodity PCs

  14. Not only hardware timing

  15. Summary

  16. Self-study questions The Apple iPad was a successful product when introduced in 2010. Other tablet computers preceded it and did poorly. Describe one and discuss the reasons for its failure. Apple introduced a hand held computer called the Newton in 1993, but it failed. What were the reasons for its failure?

  17. Resources Video of Ivan Sutherland demonstrating Sketchpad, narrated by Alan Kay: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mOZqRJzE8xg Video of Doug Engelbart demonstrating NLS: http://sloan.stanford.edu/MouseSite/1968Demo.html A short overview of Xerox PARC and its influence on Apple and Microsoft: http://hightechhistory.com/2011/06/02/a-brief-early-history-of-xerox-parc-and-the-development-of-the-personal-computer/ Introduction of the Macintosh and the legendary “1984” commercial: http://vimeo.com/20676234 Wikipedia and other Internet sites have a lot of information on the products discussed in this presentation.

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