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In situ conservation of Danish plant genetic ressources of wild relatives to agricultural crops

In situ conservation of Danish plant genetic ressources of wild relatives to agricultural crops. A survey of 100 crop wild relatives in Denmark. Kell Kristiansen & Gitte Kjeldsen Bjørn Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences.

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In situ conservation of Danish plant genetic ressources of wild relatives to agricultural crops

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  1. In situ conservation of Danish plant genetic ressources of wild relatives to agricultural crops A survey of 100 crop wild relatives in Denmark Kell Kristiansen & Gitte Kjeldsen Bjørn Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences

  2. Introduction to biodiversity, biodiversity conservation and protected areas in Denmark The project purpose, methods and results further work, conclusions and recommendations Use of Danish wild ’crops’ Bilberry, hops and chives

  3. The Danish Flora 520 species 76 red listed 70 protected (half orchids) Cultured and semi-cultured land – pockets of ”nature” Influenced by agriculture and industry (N and P)

  4. Protected areas in Denmark International protection areas

  5. Protected areas in Halsnæs kommune, Part of National Park ¨Northern Sealand of the Kings¨ Ancient monuments

  6. Fyns Hoved and Enebærodde

  7. Nature conservation in Denmark Responsibility in 98 municipalities Before 1/1 2007 13 counties Lack of ressources for nature conservation Economic growth vs. Nature

  8. Main actions in Denmark regarding biological diversity consevation witinin Ministry of Food 1992 Approval of Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) 1995 Biodiversity in Denmark – status and strategy 2004 Strategy for the Danish work with plant genetic ressources for agriculture (Strategi for det danske arbejde med jordbrugets plantegenetiske ressourcer). 2004 Action plan for plant genetic ressources for agriculture 2005-2007 (Handlingsplan for jordbrugets plantegenetiske ressourcer) 2008 Action plan for plant genetic ressources for agriculture 2008-2010 (Fødevareministeriets handlingsplan 2008-10 for jordbrugets plantegenetiske ressourcer)

  9. Action plan for plant genetic ressources for agriculture 2008-2010 Conservation NordGen Fruits and veg. prop. vegetables Crop wild relatives Exploitation of old cultivars Information and dissimination Research International cooperation

  10. Project: Conservation of plant genetic ressources of crop wild relatives for agriculture Purpose Secure in situ conservation of Crop Wild Relatives Describe methods for survey and care measure Databases and routines for database opdating

  11. Project content Survey of 100 CWR taxa in Denmark including quality of habitats If possible 10 locations for each taxa will be investigated Locations preferable public and/or protected

  12. Included taxa? The Danish flora surveyed for: Cultivation (previous, present, future) Crop wild relatives for breeding Exploited wild species Spice and medicinal plants • 100 less common taxa selected for the project

  13. The taxa involved: Poaceae 35 taxa (218 in DK, 79 native) 5 Poa, 4 Bromopsis, 4 Bromus, 4 Festuca, 3 Hordeum, 2 Lolium, 3 Phleum, 2 Alopecurus, 1 each of Agrostis, Deschampsia, Elytrigia, Hordelymus, Setaria, Trisetum Brassicaceae 11 taxa (75 in DK) Barbarea 2, Camelina 2, 1 each of Berteroa, Brassica, Crambe, Lunaria, Raphanus Fabaceae 9 taxa (66 in DK) Vicia 5, Lotus 2, Medicago 1, Trifolium 1

  14. Families with 3-5 taxa Apiaceae 5 Apium, Carum, Daucus, Ligusticum, Pimpinella Asteraceae 5 Cichorium, Lactuca 2, Matricaria, Scorzonera Rosaceae 5 Fragaria 2, Rosa, Rubus Ericaceae 4 Vaccinium Alliaceae 4 Allium Grossulariaceae 4 Ribes Amygdalaceae 3 Prunus Lamiaceae 3 Thymus, Origanum, Salvia

  15. Further families (only 1 or 2 taxa) Asparagaceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cannabaceae, Caryphyllaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Myricaceae, Sambucaceae, Valerianaceae

  16. The 100 taxa Grasses 35 Forages 10 Vegetables 18 Fruits 16 Spice and medicinal 9

  17. Red listed: Bromus racemosus VU – Soft Brome Poa supina CR Poa remota NT Alepocurus arundinaceus NT Protected Althaea officinalis Marsch-mallow Ligusticum scoticum LC Scots Lovage

  18. Poa supina CR Bornholm Bromus racemosus VU, E Denmark Alopecurus arundinaceus NT, N Falster, Bogø, Bornholm Poa remota NT E Jutland, E Funen, Sealand

  19. Protected Althaea officinalis Lolland Sealand Funen Ligusticum scoticum Djursland Vendsyssel

  20. Locations Internet: naturdata.dk, fugleognatur.dk, flora surveys Botanists from Aarhus and Copenhagen universities Other botanists Nature guides

  21. [TITLE WITH CAPITAL LETTERS] Velkommen til Danmarks Naturdata Du er ikke logget på...

  22. Registrations per species Numbers Acreages Habitat type Habitat quality for the species Ownership

  23. Results 80 taxa found at 343 locations

  24. Hybrids Medicago sativa ssp. falcata × ssp. sativa Ribes rubrum × spicatum Vicia sativa ssp. sativa × ssp. angustifolia Daucus carota ssp. carota × ssp. gummifer Brassica rapa ssp. campestris × Bromus racemosus × hordeaceus Symphytum officinale × asperum

  25. Common taxa (19) Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima Chicorium Crambe maritima Hippophaë* Fragaria vesca Prunus padus*, P. spinosa * Rosa canina* Ribes uva-crispa, Rubus fruticosus Vaccinium myrtillus, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea Poaceae Bromopsis ramosus Dactylus glomerata ssp. lobata Festuca arundinacea Hordeleymus europaeus Phleum nodosum

  26. Fyns hoved Northern part of the island Fünen Crambe maritima, Ribes rubrum, R. uva-crispa, Hipppohaë, Prunus cerasus, P. spinosa, Fragaria viridis, F. vesca, Lactuca serriola, Allium vineale, A. carinata, Hordeum murinum, Humulus, Cichorium, Matricaria recutita, Phelum nodosum, P. phleoides, Origanum vulgare, Daucus carota ssp. gummifer, Rosa canina, Vicia tenuifolia, Asparagus, Trifolium michranthum, Lithospermum officinale

  27. Bornholm Bornhom Rosa canina, Myrica gale, Hippophaë, Barbarea vulgaris, Scorzonera humilis, Asparagus, Medicago sativa ssp. falcata, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, V. myrtillus, Ribes spicatum, Humulus, Symphytum officinale, Allium schoenophrasum, A. ursinum, Lunaria rediviva, Lotus maritimus, L. uliginosus, Chichorium, Carum carvi, Lactuca serriola, Fragaria viridis, F. vesca, Ribes uva-crispa, Prunus padus, P. spinosa, Rubus fruticosus, Dactylis glomerata, ssp. lobata, Hordeum murinum, Phleum nodosum, Poa bulbosa, Poa supina,

  28. Røsnæs Camelina microcarpa, Lotus maritima, Daucus carota ssp. gummifer, Rosa canina, Prunus spinosa, Ribes nigrum, Fragaria vesca, Vicia sativa ssp. sativa, Hippophaë fruticosus, Beta vulgaris

  29. Taxa found at a single location Poaceae: Bromopsis inermisBromus communatus, B. secalinus, Deschampsia setacea, Festuca altissima, Hordeum jubatum, Poa bulbosa, Setaria viridis. Brassicaceae: Brassica rapa ssp. campestris, Cardamine impatiens, Lunaria rediviva, Raphanus raphanistrum. Apiaceae: Ligusticum scoticum, Pimpinella major. Alliumschoenophrasum, Althaea officinalis, Lactuca tatarica, Linum usitatissimum, Lithospermum officinale, Rubus chamaemorus, Salvia pratensis,

  30. Taxa not yet found Poaceae: Alopecurus arundinaceus, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromopsis benekenii, Bromus arvensis, B. racemosus, Festuca heterophylla, Lolium remotum, L. temulentum, P. chaixii, P. palustris, P. remota, P. supina, Trisetum flavescens. Brassicaceae: Barbarea stricta, Camelina sativa, Cardaminopsis arenosa, Agrostemma githago, Trifolium michranthum, Valerianella dentata, Vicia orobus, V. sylvatica. Blue: Introduced. Underlined: probably not stable populations in DK

  31. Conclusions Cooperations with regions and municipalities with focus on nature Halsnæs municipality Region Middle of Jutland Randers Rainforrest Nature reserves and parks National Parks

  32. Seed collections? Rare native Rare introduced and naturalized Relative rare native only outside protected areas

  33. Vaccinium myrtillus – blueberry, bilberry

  34. Selection and propagation of Danish bilberry with high productivity for a future commercial production Variation of flavonoids Establishment of clonal archives 178 clones from 53 locations are propagated in vitro

  35. Allium schoenophrasum, chives

  36. Variation among 54 Nordic chive accessions Flowering 19 May – 10 June Rust susceptibility scale 1 – 10 Yellow tip susceptibility scale 2 – 9 Leaf length 27 – 63 cm

  37. Humulus lupulus, hops

  38. Hops from Fünen for beer from Fünen Danish hops for Danish beer Cooperation with breweries (Carlsberg, Fuglebjerggaard and Stensbogaard) Characterisation of Danish hops for aroma, bitterness and brewing qualities. Selection of good new hops

  39. Thank you for your attention

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