Living with Open Source

1. Living with Open Source Presented by: Bill Welty, CIO California Air Resources Board

2. Open Source: Disclaimer • Open Source software may not be suitable for all applications or organizations, but...

3. Open Source: California’s Recommendation • “For potential immediate savings, departments should take an inventory of software purchases and software renewals in the Fiscal Year 2004-2005 and implement open source alternatives where feasible. • “...it is recommended that state departments actively research and evaluate open source code alternatives prior to considering use of the traditional procurement model for software.” Governor’s 2004 California Performance Review, State Operations #10.

4. CPR REPORT: Franchise Tax Board • Virtual Network Computing (VNC) (5,699 clients) • Savings: $330,000 • CygWin: used to replace X-windows features of Exceed. • Savings: $74,000 • 7-Zip Project: • Estimated savings: $15,000. • Eliminated three other products from use.

5. CPR Report: Franchise Tax Board • Extra (by Attachmate), a terminal service product • Leveraging open source alternatives in bid, FTB saved $148,000.

6. CPR Report: California Transportation Dept. • Project for identity and password management: • Savings: $300,000 by going with Linux operating system.

7. Living with Open Source The California Air Resources Board has found Open Source software to be reliable, secure, cost effective, and offers ARB greater control over its applications and data. • How did we get from There to Here?

8. Today’s Agenda • Introduction • The California Air Resources Board • Anecdotes: Living with Open Source • CARB and Open Source Today • Observations • Conclusions • Questions

9. Introduction • Chief Information Officer, California Air Resources Board • 20 years of IT management experience • Department of Health Services • Office of the State Controller • Certified Information Systems Auditor

10. The California Air Resources Board • Goal: provide safe, clean air to all Californians • One of six environmental organizations within Cal/EPA • State agency responsible for monitoring and regulating air quality • 1,000 employees • Budget: $110 million (2004)

11. The California Air Resources Board • A state environmental regulatory agency • Key program areas: • Air Quality Monitoring, Modelling and Forecasting • Climate Change • Community Health • Consumer Products • Enforcement • Environmental Research • Mobile Source Emissions

12. The California Air Resources Board • Technology Forcing • Electric and Fuel Cell (hydrogen powered) vehicles • Low emission vehicles • Reformulated gasoline's and cleaner diesel fuels • Bovine area source emissions

13. The California Air Resources Board • Management Structure • Board comprised of 11 members, serve at pleasure of governor. • Day-to-day operations directed by an Executive Officer, appointed by the Board. • Three deputy EO’s manage nine divisions and offices.

14. The California Air Resources Board • CARB’s IT Program • The Office of Information Services (OIS) reports directly to a deputy EO, • CIO is a member of Executive Staff • Conservative IT program • High level executive visibility • Serve highly technical clientele • Innovation encouraged

15. The California Air Resources Board • OIS Organization • Staff: 43 positions, divided into four sections • Systems Development Section (2) • Backoffice Systems Services Section • Network Computing Services Section • Internet Systems Management Section

16. The California Air Resources Board • OIS Services: • Applications development • GIS support • Networking: WAN with three geographic locations • Web services: Intranet, Internet • SANs file management and print sharing (3 systems)

17. The California Air Resources Board • OIS Services, continued: • Telecommunications: wired, wireless, telephones • Webcasting, from any location • Video conferencing • Desktop computer support services • Office services: email, calendaring. • Computer Room and Data Center services • HelpDesk

18. Who’s Offering Open Source?

19. Who’s Offering Open Source? Gates Allen

20. What is Open Source Software? • “Free” as in Air • “Free” as in Freedom • Governed by flexible GNU GPL licensing, generally: • Users are free to use the program for any purpose. • Users are free to examine the source code to see how it works. • Users are free to distribute the program to others. • Users are free to improve the program • Governing organizations • Free Software Foundation • Open Systems Initiative • Each product has sponsoring organization

21. Examples: What is Open Source Software?

22. Open Source Apps for Windows Source: http://theopencd.sunsite.dk Software: OpenOffice: full featured office program (like MS Office) PDFCreator: create PDF files GIMP: graphics software Firefox: browser Thunderbird: email client 7-ZIP: file compression software Battle for Wesnoth: game What is Open Source Software?

23. CARB History with Open Source • 1990’s... • 1991: Implemented Ethernet Infrastructure • 1992: Connected to Internet • Provided AQ modellers access to San Diego SuperComputer to run airshed models • Implemented Internet E-mail • Early Internet “Search Engines”: Gopher, Archie, Veronica.

24. CARB History with Open Source • 1994: Web services initiated • NT 3.5.1, Windows Web-site 1 • Cost: $250 • 1995 : Migration to open source • Linux v1.0 • Cost: $50 • Other open source products in distribution: • List serv: majordomo • Anon. FTP server • Network DNS • Search engine: Swish-e

25. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System • Migration • Cost • Performance

26. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System • Project initiated: 1994 • Servers: HP/UX; Sun/Solaris • Oracle PL/SQL • Oracle Developer suite • Web Apps Explored: 1995 • Oracle Web Application Server

27. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System • Proprietary web server problems: • Stability • Performance • Costs • Inoperable with other apps

28. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System • Replacement solution: • Data base: Oracle • Operating system: Linux • Web Server: Apache • Scripting: PHP

29. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System • Replacement solution, continued: • Migration smooth,transparent to users • Products easy to integrate • No security issues • Performance improved • Costs were nominal

30. Case Study: Emissions Inventory System

31. Open Source and CARB Today • Status: 2005 • 59% applications run on Linux. • 87% web apps run Apache. • 54% apps requiring a data base use an open source product • 83% of languages used are non-proprietary.

32. Open Source and CARB Today • Examples: • AQMIS • Carl Moyer • ARB’s Intranet, Internet services (web, list serve, web forum) • Clustering for airshed modelling

33. Open Source and CARB Today • Estimated costs avoided: • Operating systems • Windows Server 2003: $340,000 • Data base licenses: • CPU licenses: $160,000 • Annual maintenance: $ 40,000

34. Open Source and CARB Today • Summary: living with open source: • Control over source code and data • Choice • Implementation schedules • Cost savings • Systems design

35. Open Source and CARB Today • Summary: living with open source: • Systems reliability • Inexpensive redundancy • Security • Impact on hardware (Green effect)

36. Observations • OS Trends: Apache WEB services

37. Observations • OS Trends: Growth of Linux Servers • Projected growth in installations: • 24% increase by 2005 • 33% increase by 2007 • Projected sales: • $11 billion 2004 • $35 billion by 2008

38. Observations • OS Trends: Growth of Linux Servers • Red Hat employs 200 Linux programmers • Profits to triple to $53 million in 2004 • Revenues to surge 56%, to $195 million • IBM employs 600 Linux programmers • Recently invested $100 million in Linux development

39. Observations • OS Trends: Support • More than 1.1 million developers in North America now working on open source projects. • Online Resources: • Linux: http://www.linux.org http://www.kernel.org • PHP http://www.php.net • MySQL http://www.mysql.org • Apache http://www.apache.org • Other Applications: http://www.sourceforge.org

40. Observations • General Concerns: • Usual Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt • Licensing wars: SCO vs IBM • Reliability • Technical support • Training • Longevity • Compatibility • Not Commercial

41. Notable Users: Internet Google Amazon Yahoo Pentagon Boeing E*Trade E-Bay Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley HP IBM Oracle NASA EU All Governments, worldwide Observations

42. Observations • Notable Service Providers: • Make money installing free software • Nearly all application development companies • Oracle • IBM • HP • Computer Science Corporation • Novell

43. Conclusions • Living with Open Source? • Exciting • Empowering • Cost effective • Highly productive • CARB Experience: “From There to Here….”: Open Source has been evolutionary, not revolutionary • CARB Strategy: “From Here to There….”: Standardize on OS: one application at a time…

44. Questions?/References • References: • CARB Open Source Portal: http://www.arb.ca.gov/oss/oss.htm • CARB Open Source Listserv: http://www.arb.ca.gov/listserv/oss.htm • CARB’s History with Open Source http://www.arb.ca.gov/oss/arb.htm • California Performance Review http://www.cpr.ca.gov • “Why Open Source/Look At the Numbers” http://www.dwheeler.com/oss_fs_why.html