Quantum Data, Inc.

1. Quantum Data, Inc. HDMI Test Tools September 2008

2. Quantum Data HDMI Support • CEA 861-D/VESA Format Libraries • Creation of “Complex” Test images/test sequences • HDCP Tests • CEC Tests • EDID Tests • Analyzer Functions • Functional Tests

3. 882E Test Instrument • User-friendly front panel. • Ethernet with built-in browser • RS-232 serial connection • Built-n functional and compliance tests

4. Navigating the 882E • The 882E product supports access to all test functions through the following: • Front Panel Interface “Tools” > “Reports” “Tools” > “Analyzer” “Content” > “Image File” • Built in web page, accessed by Internet Explorer or any other web browser

5. Format Libraries • CEA-861-D Format Libraries • VESA Format Libraries • Programmable Custom Formats

6. Image Libraries • C++ SDK for creating complex images and complex test sequences (Script Runner). • .bmp files can be stored. • Animated test images. • Image Files & Function Tests • Image support for up to 12 bbp/channel at 4:4:4 video sampling rate (HDMI 1.3b).

7. HDMI Test Equipment • 881E Video Test Generator • Use case is factory assembly line. • 882E Video Test Generator • Use case is development laboratory/sinks. • 882E Analyzer • Use case is development laboratory/sinks & sources. 881/882E Generator 882E Analyzer

8. HDMI Functional Testing • Definition: Functional Testing occurs after the build has been delivered to a testing environment. Functions are tested by feeding them input and examining the output for validity. An important attribute of functional testing is that there are external specifications to which the tester may compare testing results. In essence, the tester is validating that the program meets the business requirements. Thus, this testing represents one of the easiest assessments to conduct. - University of Minnesota, Dept. of Engineering Glossary, September 2007

9. HDMI Functional Testing • The test goal of functional testing is to verify that a DUT with can support declared capabilities. • A test of function is typically, but not exclusively, part of the product manufacturing process.

10. HDMI Functional Testing • Test Images • Image Shift • Format Library • HDCP Test • EDID Data Test • Lip Sync and LipSyncB Test • 8 Channel Audio Tests (LPCM, Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital +) • DV Swing Test • Read and Report Infoframes • Pixel Repetition Test • Active Format Descriptor Test • Munsell Color Test • Dynamic “Deep Color” 12 bbp Test • Combined HDCP/CEC Test • CEC Test • CEC “Ping” Test • Format Rx Test • TMDS Analyzer High Level functional tester

11. HDMI Functional Testing • Static Test Images (Patterns) provide subjective quality assessment and basic functional test. • Animated Test Images can provide subjective assessments of motion artifact in displays.

12. HDMI Functional Testing • The “Image Shift” Utility allows any standard image from the built-in image library OR custom images (created with SDK or downloaded .bmp files) to be put into motion. • Speed is regulated by line, pixel and field. Direction is regulated with X/Y axis controls.

13. HDMI Functional Testing • Format Libraries generate standard timings based on accepted, industry standard specifications. • VESA 1.0, Revision 11 • CEA 861-D • STANAG Class A,B,C • Custom formats can can be used to simulate required timings for unique application displays.

14. HDMI Functional Testing • “HDCPProd” image runs a functional test on HDCP authentication with Sink devices. Results are “pass/fail”.

15. HDMI Functional Testing • EDID Data image provides a functional verification that EDID is properly programmed. • This is visible on the DUT (Sink) and can be used as a manufacturing test.

16. HDMI Functional Testing • Lipsync testing is a subjective test to determine relative synchronization of audio/video in a sink device. • Time interval is .66733 sec/audio event for progressive formats. Maximum synchronization is 8.46666 sec/audio event when scaled. • Time interval is 1.333333 sec/audio event for interlaced formats. Maximum synchronization is 16.933332 sec/audio event when scaled.

17. HDMI Functional Testing • LipSyncB Test image is a flashing full-white square 1/8th of major active axis • Only appears in first field of interlaced formats • Audio burst (2 to 3 cycles of sine wave @1kHz) positioned relative to center of flashing square plus or minus 500 ms

18. HDMI Functional Testing • Lipsync handling of source/repeater devices can be tested. Based on current operational specifications of HDMI 1.3b, sinks report audio and video latency in their EDID. An Rx can simulate a sink and send the same data to a source repeater and measure the delay to see if it corresponds to the EDID latency factors.

19. HDMI Functional Testing • Audio tests provide functional testing of HDMI audio frequency and amplitude. Eight channels of LPCM (linear PCM) audio can be tested individual, in pairs and all at once, simulating function of 5.1 Audio.

20. HDMI Functional Testing • HDMI supports compressed audio. Dolby Digital and Dolby Digital+ are generated as sound clips and can verify that Sink or repeater devices are decoding these formats properly. Subject evaluation of sound quality is also possible.

21. HDMI Functional Testing • TMDS digital video swing is changed between 90 mVp-p to 1620 mVp-p. The DV_Swing test is used to evaluate a displays ability to adjust to changes in digital video amplitude and to look for degradation indicated by the image.

22. HDMI Functional Testing • Verification of HDMI Infoframe Data. • Infoframes can be transmitted as well as received. • Data is parsed into human readable text • Infoframe data can be changed by adjusting functions in both the DUT and tester to determine proper interaction (See Debug Testing). Tx Infoframe Rx Infoframe

23. HDMI Functional Testing • Special progressive scan gaming formats use pixel replication (“PixelRep” Image) to display different H res based on a fixed V res. The Pixel Replication Test will test each of ten modes, duplicating pixels form 0 to 10x. Performance of the display is subjectively judged looking for gaps in the drawing.

24. HDMI Functional Testing • The “AFDTest” (Active Format Descriptor) image will test monitor display function based on matching aspect ratio with allowed “aperture” (see examples).

25. HDMI Functional Testing • Munsell color is universal color that applies to any visual surface. A color is fully specified by listing the three numbers for hue, value, and chroma. For instance, a fairly saturated purple of medium lightness would be 5P 5/10 with 5P meaning the color in the middle of the purple hue band, 5/ meaning medium lightness, and a chroma of 10

26. HDMI Functional Testing • In colorimetry, the Munsell color systemis a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions, hue, value and chroma. Several color order systems place colors into a three dimensional color solid of one form or another, but Munsell Color separates hue, value, and chroma into perceptually uniform and independent dimensions, and was the first to systematically illustrate the colors in three dimensional space. The Munsell system, and particularly the later renotations, is based on rigorous measurements of human subjects’ visual responses to color, putting it on a firm experimental scientific basis.

27. HDMI Functional Testing • Deep color testing is done with a combination of dynamic test images that will exercise a displays ability to resolve from 4 to 12 bpp depth. Ramp12 Image Ramp Dif

28. HDMI Functional Tests • A combined HDCP and CEC Test Image have been created to speed up manufacturing process by adding two tests together. Both tests are run on the DUT (Sink) for the purposes of verifying CEC and HDCP function.

29. HDMI Functional Testing • CEC “Ping” verifies that CEC lines are open between two devices • CEC Production Tests gives “Pass/Fail” indication based on requesting and receiving Vendor ID and Physical Address from the DUT

30. HDMI Functional Testing • Format Measurements can be done on the Rx port of the 882 Analyzer product • Immediate reporting can be viewed on the LCD of the 882 as source device modes are tested. • HTML reports with this data can also be generated. • Not only verifying the format (mode) but can interprete color depth of “deep color” source devices.

31. HDMI Functional Testing • ViewPix Test – Reads and reports RGB values from source • Pix-Err Test – Compares subsequent frames of data for changes in Pixels • Cable Test – Tests cables by connecting Tx to Rx and using Pseudo Random Noise image. • Timing Test – Measures format timing • LipSync Test – Tests sources ability to react to Sink latency as described in the EDID

32. HDMI Debug Testing • Definition: “Debugging” is a methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs, or defects, in a computer program or a piece of electronic hardware thus making it behave as expected. Debugging tends to be harder when various subsystems are tightly coupled, as changes in one may cause bugs to emerge in another. -Wikipedia “Debug”, August 18, 2008

33. HDMI Debug Testing • The test goal of Debug testing is to exercise the product design to understand and correct implementation errors. • A test of function is typically, but not exclusively, part of the product design process and may incorporate tests that would be used later as part of compliance or interoperability testing.

34. HDMI Debug Testing • Command Line Control • EDID Editor • CEC ITE (Interactive Test Environment) • SAM+ (Signal Analyzer Module)

35. HDMI Debug Testing • Command Line interface can be established: • Using access through the “homepage” available on the web interface. • Using “Hyperterm” and connecting directly to the RS-232 serial I/O • As a “Telenet” session connecting to the ethernet port.

36. HDMI Debug Testing • Command line interface provides lowest level control of a test device/function: • Example: CPTX:OESS <Value> • This causes the test equipment to use long reads during authentication where the value corresponding to the following: • 1 = encryption enable pulse is positioned at the beginning of the vsync pulse. • 4 = encryption enable pulse is positioned at the middle of the vsync pulse. • 5 = encryption enable pulse is positioned at the end of the vsync pulse. • CPTX:OESS 1 = encryption enable is at the beginning of vsync.

37. HDMI Debug Testing • Example: HPPW <Value> • This hot plug pulse width command is used to set the hot plug assertion pulse width in milliseconds. The range is 100 to 4000 ms: • HPPW 175 = sets the hot plug assertion pulse width to 175 ms.

38. HDMI Debug Testing • EDID editing and applying specific EDID changes provides a way to study how changes will effect Sink, Sources and Repeaters • EDID editting can be: • Applied to the Rx of an analyzer to emulate a sink. • Re-applied to a Sink DUT to determine interactions.

39. HDMI Debug Testing • EDID Editor allows for EDID emulation in testing source devices. • Create or extract an EDID file and load it on one of two 882E inputs. • Four block EDID are programmable. Block 0 Block 1 Block 2 Block 3

40. HDMI Debug Testing • EDID functions can be incremented and reapplied. • Overall function and individual functions of products can be tested. • Entries can be made in “human readable” terms which does not require hexadecimal code. • Files are saved and stored in .xml with conversion to text possible.

41. HDMI Debug Testing • CEC ITE provides tools for “debugging” CEC protocols. • Bit Timing • Bus Arbitration • Corrupted Bits • Test for correct message acknowledgement. • Allows “Op Codes” to be sent on pull down menus and looks at send and receive response.

42. HDMI Debug Testing • Analyzing formats generated by a source/repeater and being able to append measures allow comparision of known good format to one requiring some debugging. • SAM+ (Signal Analyzer Module) receives HDMI video and breaks it down, compares it to our built-in library and can recalculate the report and express it in the language of HDMI Compliance Test Specification – simulating an ATC test.

43. HDMI Debug Testing • A primary consideration in debug testing is to stress a design to test limits. • The ability to understand code/hardware interaction in a DUT is built into test procedures • Results of debugging may be determined by the ultimate goal of meeting business case requirements all the way to Compliance testing

44. HDMI Debug Testing • NOTE: Because many functions of HDMI are destined for compliance testing, many of compliance tests may also be used for debugging purposes. • Example: CEC function may not even be possible until basic electrical function of the CEC bus is operable. • The CEC Compliance Test, Section 7 could be used to test viability of the bus.

45. HDMI Compliance Testing • Definition: Conformance testing, also known as Compliance testing, is a methodology used in engineering to ensure that a product, process, computer program or system meets a defined set of standards. These standards are commonly defined by large, independent entities such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) or the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). - SeachSoftwareQuality, 15 February, 2007

46. HDMI Compliance Testing • The test goal of compliance testing is to verify that a DUT meets the technical requirements of a specific set of written standards. • A test of compliance is typically to determine acceptance of minimum standards required for commercial acceptance of a product. Typically there are two levels of compliance testing: • Laboratory Testing • Self-Certification

47. HDMI Compliance Testing • HDMI Specifications: • HDMI Specification 1.1 • HDMI Specification 1.2 • HDMI Specification 1.2a • HDMI Specification 1.3 • HDMI Specification 1.3a • HDMI Compliance Testing Specifications: • Compliance Test Specification 1.1 • Compliance Test Specification 1.2a • Compliance Test Specification 1.3a • Compliance Test Specification 1.3b • Compliance Test Specification 1.3b1 • Compliance Test Specification 1.3c

48. HDMI Compliance Testing • EDID Compliance Test • CEC Compliance Test • HDCP Compliance Test

49. HDMI Compliance Testing • EDID Compliance Test corresponds to the following Compliance Test Sections: • Test ID 7.1 EDID Related Behavior (Source) • Test ID 8.1 EDID Readability (Sink) • Test ID 8.2 EDID VESA Structure (Sink) • Test ID 8.3 CEA Timing Extension Structure (Sink) • Test ID 8.17 861D Format Support Requirements (Sink) • Test ID 8.18 Format Support Requirements (Sink) • Test ID 8.19 Pixel Encoding Requirements (Sink) • Test ID 8.20 Video Format Timing (Sink)

50. HDMI Compliance Testing • EDID Compliance Test requires that a CDF (Capabilities Declaration Form) be completed to base-line the test. • Tests declare in a CDF both mandatory and optional features based on what the product supports.