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The Era of Progressivism

The Progressive Era (1873-1920) was marked by a widespread belief in the power of active government to resolve socioeconomic issues. Progressives aimed to diminish the power of political machines, championed movements like temperance and woman suffrage, and responded to the transformative impacts of industrialization and urbanization. Influential leaders and muckrakers shaped the movement, advocating for labor rights, civil rights, and reforms like direct democracy through initiatives and referendums. This era set the stage for a more interventionist American foreign policy.

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The Era of Progressivism

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  1. 1873 1920 The Era of Progressivism

  2. MAIN THEMES • That all progressives shared an optimistic vision that an active government could solve socioeconomic problems and create a better, more ordered and efficient world. • That progressives wanted to reduce the influence of party machines on politics. • How the temperance, immigration restriction, and woman suffrage movements took on crusade-like aspects. • How progressivism was a reaction to the rapid industrialization and urbanization of the United States in the late nineteenth century. • The importance of political leadership for the progressive movement. • That American foreign policy became much more interventionist, especially in the Caribbean.

  3. PROGRESSIVISM CivilRights Suffragettes Muckrackers Temperance Labor Unions MidclassWomen Popul ists Goo Goos

  4. The Rise of Progressivism • The Progressive Impulse • The Muckrakers and the Social Gospel • Charles Francis Adams • Lincoln Steffens • Ida Tarbell • The Allure of Expertise • Scientific Analysis Management • “Taylorism” • Thorstein Veblen

  5. The Rise of Progressivism • The Progressive Impulse • The Professions • 1895 National Association of Manufactures • 1901 -American Medical Association – 1901 • 1916 – 48 States with Bar Associations • Other • Military Eduction • Education • American Association of University Professors

  6. The Rise of Progressivism • The Assault on the Parties • Early Attacks • Split Tickets • Election reform • Statehouse Progressivism • Initiatives & Referendums • Robert LaFollette

  7. Voter Participation

  8. Other Sources of Progressive Reform • Labor, the Machine, and Reform Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, 1911

  9. The Rise of Progressivism • Sources of Progressive Reform • African Americans and Reform • 1905 – Niagara Movement (WEB Du Dois) • 1909 - NAACP

  10. The Rise of Progressivism • Crusades for Order and Reform • The Temperance Crusade Frances Willard 1839-1898 Carry A. Nation 1846-1911

  11. “REALLY” RADICAL WOMEN Fanny Wright 1795-1852 Margaret Sanger 1879-1966 Victoria Woodhull 1838-1927

  12. Crusades for Order and Reform • Immigration Restriction

  13. The Rise of Progressivism • Crusades for Order and Reform • The Dream of Socialism • Socialist Party strength • “Wobblies” • William Haywood

  14. Crusades for Order and Reform • Decentralization and Regulation • Louis D. Brandeis • Good Vs. Bad trusts • Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Presidency • The Square Deal • Interstate Commerce Acts • Pure Food and Drug Acts • Labor legislation • The Troubled Succession • Spreading Insurgency • Progressive dominance • Anti-Trust legislation • La Follette’s downfall

  15. Woodrow Wilson and the New Freedom

  16. Woodrow Wilson and the New Freedom • Income Tax – XVI Ammendment • Continued Segregation • Keating-Owen Act

  17. The Rise of Progressivism • Debating the Past: PROGRESSIVISM

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