Abundances of Refractory Elements for Planet-Host Stars

1. Abundances ofRefractory Elements for Planet-Host Stars Lee, Sang-Gak Seoul National University Kim, Kang-Min Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 2009. 10. 9. Kang, Wonseok Seoul National University

2. OUTLINE OUTLINE • Introduction • Observations • Process • Measure the EWs • Determine the parameters of model atmosphere • The abundances analysis • Statistics • Radial velocities • Model parameters • Abundances • Summary The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

3. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION • Abundances for Planet-Host Stars (PHSs) • Information of protoplanetary circumstance • Dust and planetesimal fomation in protoplanetary disks • Stellar atmosphere conserves the primordial composition • Criteria for the planet-searching • Possibility to find the relationship between stellar abundance and exoplanet properties • Abundances of Refractory Elements • Important in condensation process in the early stage of protoplanetary disks • especially near the host star, the inside of ice line • Earth-life lives on the surface which is relatively abundant in refractory elements • Metabolism The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

4. OBSERVATIONS OBSERVATIONS • Observation • In 2008 and 2009 • With BOES at BOAO (Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory) • Obtain the spectra of 98 star samples • Selected by the magnitude and declination. • 64 Known PHSs • 34 Unknown samples • R ~ 30,000 / 45,000 (fiber: 300μm / 200μm) • S/N ~ 100-300 at 5500Å • Samples for This Work • Limited to G-type stars – 52 stars • Known PHSs – 34 / Unknown - 18 The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

5. SAMPLES SAMPLES The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

6. PROCESS PROCESS • Measurement of EWs • Using TAME program ( SSPEC at previous workshop) • Tools for Automatic Measurement for Equivalent-widths • Total 13555 EWs of 52 stars ( Fe : 6246 / Others : 7309 ) • Fit with Gaussian / Voigt profile • Line list ; Gilli et al. 2006 / Cohen et al. 2009 / VALD • 15 elements • Calculate RVs from the center wavelength of fitting profiles • Determination of Model Atmosphere Parameters • Using MOOGFE code with MOOG code & Kurucz ATLAS9 model • Self-consistent fine analysis for Fe I/II lines • Calculate abundance of iron lines with starting model atmosphere • Check the slopes of iron abundances • Adjust the parameters of model atmosphere • Remake the model atmosphere with new parameters • (Iterate these processes) • For the Sun • [Fe/H] = 0.00, TEff = 5823, log g = 4.41, ξt = 0.98 The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

7. STATISTICS STATISTICS • Model Parameters • Compared with 3 References • Cayrel et al. 2001 • SPOCS Catalog (Valenti & Fischer, 2005) • Gilli et al. 2006 The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

8. STATISTICS STATISTICS • RV Results • Calculated by TAME fitting results • Compared with the references • SIMBAD • General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities (1953, 1979) • The Geneva-Copenhagen Survey (2004) • SPOCS catalog • Valenti & Fischer 2005 • Difference average & σ • ΔRV [km/s] = RVTHIS – RVSIMBAD - for each star • NLines / σLines [km/s] - the lines for each star The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

9. STATISTICS STATISTICS • Abundance Difference (Gilli et al. 2006) Hyperfine structure The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

10. STATISTICS STATISTICS • Abundance Average & σ The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

11. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Metallicity [Fe/H] The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

12. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Mg I (α element) Background small points from Bensby et al. 2005 / Mishenina et al. 2004 / Soubiran et al. 2005 The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

13. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Sc II (α element) The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

14. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Ti I (α element) The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

15. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Mn I (iron-peak element) The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

16. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Zn I (iron-peak element) The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

17. ABUNDANCES ABUNDANCES • Ba II The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

18. SUMMARY & FUTURE WORKS SUMMARY & FURTURE WORKS • We examined the abundances of 15 elements for 52 G-type samples ( PHSs : 34 ) • [Mn/Fe] is highfor PHSs • The more Mn & Zn lines have to be added • The synthetic spectrum with hyperfine structure • [Sc/Fe] and [Ti/Fe] tend to increase for PHSs in [Fe/H] < 0 • Need more samples in [Fe/H] < 0 • [Ba/Fe] of single-planet system is higher than that of multi-planet system • We plan to estimate abundance of Carbon, Oxygen, Sulfur • Sulfur metabolism in the early stage of life-evolution The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009

19. The 4th Workshop on Extra-solar Planet Search with Accurate Radial Velocity Measurements in Japan, 2009