The Library

1. The Library 9410007A Sugar 9410047A Edison

2. Layout of the library: ．What ‘s the difference between past and now? Past: Card catalogs Now: Computer Photo copy machine Connection Internet

3. The computer: ．Computers are linked to 1. useful databases(such asPACsand OPACs) PACs ---Public –access catalogs OPACs ---online public-access catalogs 2. more college libraries

4. Online full-text databases ．What is databases? 1.Full text of an article or book 2. Abstract ．How to find databases? 1. In the libraries 2. On the Internet (free)

5. Microform indexes Microfiche: ．A system that stored magazines and newspaper on a small single sheet of film Microfilm: ．A system that stored magazines and newspaper on a roll of film Online sources are gradually replacing it.

6. Stacks Two kinds of stacks: 1.Open stacks 2.Closed stacks (Tittle of each books, itsauthor, its call number) Reference room or shelf Such as: Encyclopedia ,indexes, gazetteer

7. Main desk (information desk) Reserve desk Books are kept at the reserve desk. (Books are available for use only in the library, and only for a limited time.)

8. [Media centers, Learning centers (ISU)] Tapes, music CDs, DVDs, picture slides……. Audiovisual room

9. Newspaper racks 1. Newspaper racks (in library) 2.Online newspapers (www.ipl.org/reading /news) Other guidelines: CNN,CQ CSPAN, U.S news

10. Computer room Carrels ．Carrels are small, equipped with desks andbookshelves.

11. 1．The Deway Decimal System: → This system divides all knowledge in10 categories. 2．The Library of Congress Classification System: → This system has 20 branches, which marked by 21 letters. Organization of the library collections

12. 000-099 General Work • 100-199 Philosophy • 200-299 Religion • 300-399 Social Sciences • 400-499 Language • 500-599 Pure Science • 600-699 Technology (Applied Sciences) • 700-799 The Arts • 800-899 Literature • 900-999 History ◆The Deway Decimal System: Ten general categories

13. Literature 800-809 General Work (about Literature) 810-819 American Literature 820-829 English Literature 830-839 German Literature 840-849 French Literature 850-859 Italian Literature 860-869 Spanish Literature 870-879 Latin Literature 880-889 Greek and Classical Literature 890-899 Literature of Other language Each of these ten general categories is subdivided into ten smaller division.

14. 820 English Literature (general) 821 Poetry 822 Drama 823 Fiction 824 Essays 825 Speeches 826 Letters 827 Satire and Humor 828 Miscellany 829 Minor Related Literature Ex: The subcategory “English Literature” is divided into ten even-narrow group

15. An endless number of more-specific headings are created easily through and addition of decimal place. For example: 822.3 Elizabethan 822.33 the works of Shakespeare More specific

16. Fiction: It is a alphabetized by author mark with the letter F For example: F-Pas (a novel by Boris Pasternak) Biography: it is a alphabetized by subject mark with the letter B B-C56 (one of the several biographies of Sir Winstion Churchill) Fiction and biography

17. To find any title, we should……. 1. First locate Deway decimal category on the shelf 2. Identify an individual book by its author mark →Distinguish between books filed under an identical Dewey decimal number. ◆The Cutter-Sanborn Author Mark:

18. Ex: The book Double Taxation by Charles Edward Garland. → G233d 1. “Charles” → the number 233 2. surname: G 3. first important word in the tittle: d Garf 231 Garn 234 Gari 232 Garnet 235 Garl 233 Garni 236 The Cutter-Sanborn Author Mark

19. Found in 1800 • Shelved its books by size • Represent the main branches of knowledge with 21 letters of alphabet The Library of Congress Classification System

20. A General Works B Philosophy, Psychology, Religion C Auxiliary Sciences of History D History: General and Old World E-F History of America G Geography, Anthropology, Recreation H Social Sciences J Political Science K Law L Education General Categories

21. General Categories M Music N Fine Arts P Language Q Science R Medicine S Agriculture T Technology U Military Science V Laval Science Z Bibliography, Library Science, Information Resources

22. Past : size of the books • Now: the main branches of knowledge with 21 letters of the alphabet. They are divided into narrower group by letters and Arabic numbers(up to 9999). These general categories are narrowed by the addition of letters:

23. P philology and Linguistics: General PA Greek and Latin Philology and Literature PB Celtic Languages and Literature PC Romance Languages (Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese ) PD Germanic (Teutonic) Languages These general categories are narrowed by the addition of letters:

24. For example : PN 1993.5 U65 1.Find the subject category. P－general category, “Language and Literature” PN－“Literature History and Collections” 2.Track down

25. Current issues usually are shelved alphabetically by title and are accessible to the public Classification of periodicals

26. Nonbook materials—films, microfilms, recordings, news clippings, sheet music, productions of masterpieces ,transparencies, slides, programmed books, and other audiovisual material. • No hard-and-fast rule exists for classifying. Classification of nonbooks

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36. THE END Thank you