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Body Mechanics, Positioning, and Moving

Body Mechanics, Positioning, and Moving. Nursing Fundamentals Pgs. 479-482 (8 th edition) 516 – 520 (9 th edition). Disuse Syndrome. The consequences of inactivity Many other problems occur from inactivity and disuse

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Body Mechanics, Positioning, and Moving

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  1. Body Mechanics, Positioning, and Moving Nursing Fundamentals Pgs. 479-482 (8th edition) 516 – 520 (9th edition)

  2. Disuse Syndrome • The consequences of inactivity • Many other problems occur from inactivity and disuse • Caregivers can also suffer injury if body mechanics are not properly performed

  3. Disuse Syndrome affects all organs and systems in the body • Muscular – causes weakness, decreased tone and strength and size (atrophy) • Skeletal – poor posture, contractures, foot drop • Cardiovascular – impaired circulation, thrombus (clot) formation, dependent edema • Urinary – oliguria (scant urine), UTI’s, calculi or stone formation, incontinence (inability to control urination)

  4. Disuse Syndrome affects all organs and systems in the body cont’d… • Gastrointestinal – anorexia (loss of appetite), constipation, fecal impaction • Integumentary – pressure sores, can lead to infection or amputation • Endocrine – decreased metabolic rate and decreased hormonal secretions • Central Nervous System (CNS) – sleep pattern disturbances and psychosocial changes

  5. Maintaining Good Posture • Posture is the position of the body or the way in which the body is held • Posture affects a person’s appearance, stamina and the ability to use the musculoskeletal system efficiently • Good posture distributes gravity through the center of the body over a wide base of support

  6. Muscle Spasms • OUCH!!! • Sudden, forceful, involuntary muscle contractions. These are usually painful • Spasms occur more often when muscles are strained and forced to work beyond their capacity

  7. Standing – Looks Like a Soldier • To maintain good posture while standing, one must: • Keep the feet parallel • Distribute wt equally on both feet to provide a broad base of support • Bend knees slightly to avoid straining the joints • Maintain the hips at an even level • Pull in the buttocks and the abdomen • Hold the chest upright and slightly forward • Keep the shoulders even and centered above the hips • Hold the head erect with face forward and the chin sl. tucked

  8. Sitting • The buttocks and upper thighs must become the base of support in order to be in a good sitting position • Both feet must be on the floor, flat • The knees must be bent with the back of the knee (posterior) free from the edge of the chair in order to not interfere with circulation

  9. No Slouching allowed, this means you

  10. Lying Down • Laying down should look like standing except that the person is horizontal • Head and neck are in a neutral position, centered btwn the shoulders • The shoulders are level • The arms and hips are sl. Flexed with no compression of the arms or legs under the body • The trunk is straight and the hips are level • The legs are parallel to each other with the feet at right angles to the leg

  11. Heave-ho, heave-ho • Should we use our back muscles to lift?

  12. NO WAY HOSE’ • Using your back to lift causes lower back strain or even a herniated disc

  13. Body Mechanics • The nurse must use proper body mechanics in order not to strain or get injured • When carrying heavy objects, keep them close to you and at waist level • Bend the knees when lifting, watch the back • Contract the abdominal muscles, this protects them from injury • Push, pull, or roll objects rather than lifting • Use the body wt as a lever to assist with pushing or pulling • Keep feet apart to form a wide base to be sturdy • Avoid twisting and stretching muscles while working • Rest btwn periods of exertion

  14. The largest, strongest muscle grp in the body used in body mechs. Are the….. • Thigh and arm muscles

  15. Ergonomics • A specialty field of engineering science devoted to promoting comfort, performance and health in the workplace • Ergonomics is used to improve the design of the work environment and equipment • OSHA – The Nat’l Institute for Occupational Safety & Health watches you and the co. you work for…they don’t want to see injury. They love safety

  16. Be Safe • Always maintain the safety of your pt and your own safety • Once you get hurt, you may not be able to work again • Is it worth taking that chance?

  17. IN REVIEW… • Body Mechanics are… • Efficient use of the musculoskeletal system • Proper body mechanics increases muscle effectiveness, reduces fatigue, and helps to avoid straining other muscles in the body

  18. The End

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