Chapter 3 Planning Spoken and Written Messages

1. Chapter 3Planning Spoken and Written Messages Business Communication, 14e Lehman and DuFrene

2. Chapter 3 Process for Planning and Preparing Spoken and Written Messages

3. Chapter 3 Step 1 Determine purpose and channel Step 2 Envision audience Step 3 Adapt message to audience Planning and Preparing Messages • Focus on the receiver’s point of view • Communicate ethically and responsibly • Build and protect goodwill • Use contemporary language • Use simple, informal words • Project a positive, tactful tone • Write concisely

4. Chapter 3 Communicating Ethically and Responsibly • State information as truthfully, honestly, and fairly as possible • Do not embellish or exaggerate facts • Express ideas clearly and understandably • Support viewpoint with objective facts • State ideas with tact and consideration that preserves receiver’s self-worth • Design honest graphics

5. Chapter 3 Building and Protecting Goodwill • Use euphemisms cautiously • Avoid condescending or demeaning expressions • Use connotative tone cautiously • Use specific language appropriately • Use bias-free language

6. Chapter 3 Using Simple Words and Contemporary Language • Choose simple, informal words • Eliminate outdated expressions • Eliminate clichés

7. Chapter 3 Project a Positive, Tactful Tone • State ideas using positive language • Avoid using second person when stating negative ideas • Use passive voice to convey negative ideas • Use subjunctive mood to de-emphasize negative ideas • Include a positive idea in the same sentence with a negative one.

8. Chapter 3 Writing Concisely • Eliminate redundancies • Use active voice • Include essential details only • Tighten using prefixes, suffixes, compound adjectives

9. Chapter 3 Step 4: Selecting an Outline for Spoken and Written Messages