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YOU ARE ALMOST DONE!!!!

YOU ARE ALMOST DONE!!!!. In what ways did factors such as technology and disease contribute to the dominance of the Spanish over the Aztec civilization? To what extent were the divergent worldviews of the Spanish and Aztecs factors in the dominance of one nation over the other?.

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YOU ARE ALMOST DONE!!!!

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  1. YOU ARE ALMOST DONE!!!! In what ways did factors such as technology and disease contribute to the dominance of the Spanish over the Aztec civilization? To what extent were the divergent worldviews of the Spanish and Aztecs factors in the dominance of one nation over the other? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_99mcINufQ GRAPHIC

  2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z1XpfbuZOA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s http://www.infobarrel.com/Media/Hernan_Cortes_Fighting_the_Aztecs

  3. Conquistador • Means conqueror • If this is the word they are using for the people in the New World, what does that show about their intentions? http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/photos/historic/soto/soto7/soto714.htm

  4. Spain at this point… • Just reached political and religious unity in Spain • Many had agreed with the Inquisition • People started to hear stories of gold and success of people from the New World…. • Curiosity killed the Aztecs not the cat???

  5. Hernan Cortés (1485-1547) • Was 19 years old when he left Spain • Wanted to make his fortune • Arrived in Hispaniola (Dominican Republic/Haiti) and was given land (1504) • Did not want to work the land like a peasant, wanted gold so he did not use his farm • Was asked to join an expedition to conquer Cuba • Was able to conquer it with 300 men • Increased Cortés’ popularity

  6. http://www.caribbean-direct.com/

  7. http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/d/divide_and_conquer.asphttp://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/d/divide_and_conquer.asp If you were going to conquer a civilization, how would you do it? We’ll look at how the Spanish did it next…

  8. The Conquistadors Formula • Send expedition from recent colony • Meet peacefully with groups, discover who was the strongest group • Invite leaders of strongest group over • Kidnap him • Threaten to kill unless people follow them • Only if needed, fight on open ground using their more advanced technology • First in command become governor, second in command leads next expedition

  9. How did your plan compare with the Spanish strategy? http://www.marketinggrrl.com/tag/business-strategy/

  10. http://mexicona.net/blog/mexicos-yucatan-peninsula/ Cortés continued • Was second in command to Valazquez in Cuba • Expedition to Yucatan Peninsula • Reports of a strong civilization, Cortés would be the leader • Velazquez changed his mind about sending Cortés, but he was determined

  11. Cortés left with… • 11 ships • 508 fighting men • 100 sailors • 200 Indigenous slaves • 16 horses

  12. Cortés in Mexico • Established La Villa Rica de la Veracruz • Declared an independent government • Responsible to King, not to Velazquez • Sent one ship back to Spain filled with treasure • Feared mutiny, so he burned/sank other 10 ships so people couldn’t go back

  13. https://sites.google.com/site/period5jamaica/history-of-latin-americahttps://sites.google.com/site/period5jamaica/history-of-latin-america LET THE BATTLE BEGIN….

  14. The had each heard rumours of each other… They will soon meet! http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/s/spreading_rumours.asp

  15. http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/b/bad_omens.asp Bad Omens The Aztecs had 8 omens before they met the Spanish which forecasted their downfall…. Let’s look at them!

  16. The Omens • 10 years before Spanish arrived • Flaming ear of corn crossed sky • Seemed to bleed and was very bright • Temple of Huitzilopochtli burst into flames • No one had lit it on fire… Omen 1 Omen 2

  17. Omens continued • Temple damaged by lightning bolt even though there was not storm • Fire through the sky even though it was summer • Long train divided into three parts • Had a shower of sparks Omen 3 Omen 4

  18. Omens continued • Wind came and boiled the water • Water rose up and flooded the houses • People heard a weeping woman • She would cry and tell people to flee • Called the Aztecs her children Omen 5 Omen 6

  19. Omens continued • Strange bird with a mirror on head found • When Moctezuma looked in mirror, he saw men riding “deer” • When other people looked in mirror, they saw nothing • Monstrous creatures with 2 heads found • When taken to Moctezuma, they disappeared Omen 7 Omen 8

  20. http://www.awesomestories.com/assets/veracruz-map-locator What do you think Moctezuma should do when Cortez landed at Veracruz? How should he act?

  21. http://www.staten-illustration.com/pieces/Quetzalcoatl.htm Send gifts!!!!! Moctezuma started by sending gifts to Cortés, hoping that he would be happy and just leave… One of the gifts was the clothing of the God, Quetzalcoatl… Cortés put the clothing on…

  22. http://karenswhimsy.com/roman-weapons.shtm Weapons The Aztecs and other societies head vast amounts of stories about the weapons the Spanish used, let’s look at what they had.

  23. Muskets and Cannons • Common in Europe but new in the “New World” • Used as a scare tactic • Aztecs thought that it was thunder and lightning • Would fire them to scare ambassadors who would then go and tell their leaders • Didn’t rely on them for fighting (hard to get powder, didn’t have much)

  24. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONpMTGOnCBU&NR=1 Wouldn’t that scare you?

  25. The Horse • Had size, power, and speed • Spanish were highly trained; could ride with one hand fight with the other • Aztecs couldn’t keep up • Used them to instill fear

  26. Taken from the other Social Studies Textbook from two years ago (pg. 226)… • The “stags” came forward carrying the soldiers on their backs… These animals wear little bells, they are adorned with many little bells. When the “stags” gallop, the bells make a loud clamour, ringing and reverberating. These “stags”, these “horses,” snort and bellow. They sweat a very great deal, the sweat pours from their bodies in streams . . . . They make a loud noise when they run; they make a great din (noise), as if stones were raining on the earth. Then the ground is pitted and scarred where they set down their hooves. It opens wherever their hooves touch it.”

  27. Disease • Smallpox epidemic eventually occurred in Tenochtitlan • Weakened resistance to Spanish • Aztecs had no immunity • Many died of hunger because they were too sick to move

  28. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wTsvCwDSXA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox http://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/projects/bavarian_nordic/bavarian_nordic5.html http://colonialdiseasedigitaltextbook.wikispaces.com/1.4%20Smallpox%20in%20Peru

  29. http://hoopthoughts.blogspot.ca/2010_08_01_archive.html The First Meetings

  30. Love Thy Neighbour • Aztecs were used to having power; they exerted it on their neighbours • Collected tribute (no one likes taxes…) • “Flower Wars” • Ritual battles to obtain sacrifice victims • Made some neighbours enemies… • Some of the neighbours allied with the Spanish like the Tlaxcalans and the Cholulas

  31. 72.16.131.254:81/cgi/block.cgi?URL=http://www.google.ca/url?source=imglanding&ct=ref&q=http://www.geogum.com/explore/tags/neighbour&sa=X&ei=Au7MT4DABszCgAft8vTRDg&ved=0CAgQ8wc&usg=AFQj72.16.131.254:81/cgi/block.cgi?URL=http://www.google.ca/url?source=imglanding&ct=ref&q=http://www.geogum.com/explore/tags/neighbour&sa=X&ei=Au7MT4DABszCgAft8vTRDg&ved=0CAgQ8wc&usg=AFQj

  32. http://www.amazon.ca/Stolen-Continents-Conquest-Resistance-Americas/dp/0618492402http://www.amazon.ca/Stolen-Continents-Conquest-Resistance-Americas/dp/0618492402 Ronald Write: Stolen Continents • “Of all the European and American nations that clashed in the 16th century, the Aztecs and the Spaniards had the most in common. Both were warlike, mercantile [trading], avaricious [greedy], and quick to resort to force. Both believed they had a divine mission to rule the world.”

  33. The Woman who Killed the Aztecs • Malinche (became Doña Marina) • Was a slave and was given to Cortés when he defeated the Tabascan people • Was the key to Cortés’ success • Acted as the intermediary between the Aztecs and the Spanish • Converted to Christianity, became advisor and spy for Cortés

  34. http://www.tihof.org/honors/malinche.htm

  35. http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/malinche.htm

  36. http://coursesite.uhcl.edu/HSH/Whitec/terms/M/malinche.htm

  37. Malinchismo • A word created after Malinche’s name • Means preferring foreign things to things that are Mexican OUCH!!!

  38. Befriend or Conquer? That is the question! • Each indigenous group Cortés met was different, had to change strategy • Totonacs gave warriors in exchange of protection from Aztecs (hated tribute) • Tlaxcalans fought Spanish, lost and were offered peace. Gave 1000 soldiers to Spanish force • Cholulans were loyal to the Aztecs and conspired against Spanish (Malinche heard) so they were conquered

  39. Cortés is coming… what should Moctezuma do? What would you do if you were in his situation? http://mapas.owje.com/maps/1481_map-of-the-conquest-of-mexico-1519---1521.html

  40. The First Meeting • November 8, 1519: Moctezuma and Cortés have their first meeting • Malinche and Cortés had sent messages to Moctezuma saying they were coming in peace • Moctezuma invited Cortés to Tenochtitlan • Cortés came unopposed to the city • Moctezuma still believed that Cortés could be Quetzalcoatl and treated Cortés as a God

  41. http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/index.php?one=azt

  42. http://frankejbypoulsen.wordpress.com/2008/07/31/todorov-la-conquete-de-lamerique-la-question-de-lautre/http://frankejbypoulsen.wordpress.com/2008/07/31/todorov-la-conquete-de-lamerique-la-question-de-lautre/

  43. The Greeting(taken from old textbook, similar to our pg. 311) • “My lord, you are weary, you are tired. You have come to your land; you have arrived in your city, Mexico. You have come to your seat, to you throne . . . If only one of them [the past Aztec rulers] were here to witness, to wonder at what I now see myself: To see what I see: I the last, I the reigning one of all our lords. No, I am not dreaming; I am not sleepwalking . . . I am seeing you now, I set eyes on your face!... Come now and rest; take possession of your royal palaces; give comfort to your body. Enter your land, my lords!” • Be assured, Motecuhzoma, have no fear. We love you greatly. Today are hearts are at peace Moctezuma Cortés

  44. Sometimes you shouldn’t be nice… • Moctezuma put Cortés and his forces in the palace of his late father • He showed them the glories of their city • Saw the market and the wonders of the city (aka gold). Realized they wanted to control/own city • Caused the Spanish to attack

  45. What the Spanish did… How the Aztecs fell… http://myfivebest.com/ok-so-maybe-friday-the-13th-isnt-such-a-great-day/

  46. First Step • Moctezuma was placed under house arrest in his own palace • Spanish looted all the gold and melted it down • Forced Moctezuma to become a subject of Spanish rule • Put up pictures/statues of Roman Catholic saints/crosses • People felt Moctezuma was weak and let his people down, they deserted him

  47. http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/u/under_house_arrest_gifts.asphttp://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/u/under_house_arrest_gifts.asp

  48. Trouble at Home • Velazquez sent troops to arrest Cortés • Cortés had to take some men and go deal with the problem • Left Pedro de Alvarado in charge • Cortés defeated Velazquez’s troops and had the survivors join him against the Aztecs

  49. While you were gone… • Alvarado gave the Aztecs permission to have a festival (Aztecs were still loyal to their god...) • Massacred all the dancers at the festival • Lots of uproar against this act, if you could imagine... http://www.earthdancer.org/TradeDays/fire.html

  50. The Fire Dance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1uuQogafLc&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active http://www.flickriver.com/groups/pthr/pool/interesting/

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