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Classification and Evolution

Classification and Evolution. Taxonomy/Classification. Domain Very General Kingdom (Kids) Phylum (Playing) Class (Catch) Order (On) Family (Freeways) Genus (Get) Species (Squished) Very Specific. Binomial nomenclature. “Scientific Name” Latin (Dead language/never change)

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Classification and Evolution

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  1. Classification and Evolution

  2. Taxonomy/Classification • Domain Very General • Kingdom (Kids) • Phylum (Playing) • Class (Catch) • Order (On) • Family (Freeways) • Genus (Get) • Species (Squished) Very Specific

  3. Binomial nomenclature • “Scientific Name” • Latin (Dead language/never change) • Universal • Based on Genus (1st /capitalized) and Species (2nd /small case) • Ex: Homo sapiens (italic or underlined) • Common name can change with different locations

  4. Species: individuals of the same kind that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. • Subspecies: Geographically isolated populations of the same species.

  5. Hybrid • Product of 2 closely related species; often sterile. Wolphin Liger Zorse Zony

  6. Vocabulary • Prokaryote: Primitive cells with no membrane bound organelles. • Eukaryote: Complex cells membrane bound organelle. • Autotroph: An organism that manufactures its own organic matter by using energy from the sun. • Heterotroph: An organism that obtains energy from organic matter.

  7. Kingdom Monera • Bacteria and blue green algae • Prokaryotic cell (no true nucleus) • Heterotrophic & Autotrophic • Decay bacteria: heterotrophic • Cyanobacteria: photosynthetic • Bacteria: chemosynthetic Cyanobacteria Chemosynthetic Bacteria

  8. Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotic, single celled • Diatoms and dinoflagellates: photosynthetic • Protozoa: heterotrophic Protozoa Diatoms Dinoflagellates

  9. Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic • Flowering plants: marine grass & Mangroves • Macroalgae: Seaweeds Eel Grass Sea Lettuce

  10. Kingdom Fungi • Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, absorbs nutrients. • Slime molds, mushrooms Marine Fungi

  11. Kingdom Animalia • Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, ingests food. • Whales, dolphins and fish

  12. Homologous structures • Similar structures in different organisms that develop in the same way. • human arm vs. whale flipper vs. bat wing

  13. Analogous structures • Structures in different organisms that have similar functions but develop in different ways. • Insect wing vs. bird wing

  14. More Vocabulary • Natural Selection: the best-adapted individuals will produce more offspring and pass those favorable characteristics on to those offspring. • Evolution: Genetic change over time, that results from natural selection.

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