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情态动词

情态动词. 一 ，常见的情态动词有： can, could, may, might ,must, shall, should, will, would, need, have to 等 二，常见的情态动词的基本含义及用法. 不能 不会 不可能 不可以.

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情态动词

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  1. 情态动词

  2. 一，常见的情态动词有：can, could, may, might ,must, shall, should, will, would, need,have to等 二，常见的情态动词的基本含义及用法 不能 不会 不可能 不可以 1.can/could___ ___ ___ ___can’t/couldn’t___ ___ ___ ___ 2.may/might____ _____.may not___ 3.must____ ____ 4.mustn’t______ 5.needn’t________ 6.have to_____ _____don’t have to_______ 7.will/would___ ____ ____ ____ 8.should______shouldn’t______ 9.May…?的疑问句中否定回答用_______或______ 10.Must…?的疑问句中否定回答用_______或_______ 11.请你……好吗？用句型: __________________ 12. Shall I/we…? 表示 13.需要干某事_ _______________________________________ 能 会 可能 可以 可能不 可以 可能 必须 一定 不需要 不可以 不得不 必须 不需要 将 会 愿 要 应当 不应当 mustn’t can’t don’t have to needn’t Will / Would /could you (please)…? 我/我们……好吗？ need do sth need to do sth 14.情态动词后跟_______________ 动词原形

  3. 这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思。 1.can 的用法 （1）can表示能力，“能，会” 如：I can speak Chinese, but I cannot write it very well. （2）表示“可能，能够” 如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示“许可，可以”常用在口语中 如：You can use my bike. can与be able to can有现在时和过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。can表能力时，可用be able to代替。 2.may的用法 （1）表示“请求，许可”（比can正式） 如：May I use your dictionary? （2）表示推测，“可能，或许”（谈论可能性，一般用于肯定句） 如: I may go to the market next Monday.

  4. 3．must的用法 （1）表示“必须，应该，应当” 如：You must stay here until I come back. 注意：must 否定式mustn’t, 表示“一定不要”，“禁止”“不许”之意。       回答must问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答要用needn’t. 如： Must we leave so soon?      Yes, we must. No, we needn’t. （2）表示有把握的判断或推测，“一定，准是”，一般用在肯定句中。 注意：它的反意疑问句的构成形式。当must表示肯定的判断，推测，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 如：She must have finished writing, hasn’t she?     She must have finished writing last week, didn’t she? （3）在“You must …” 句中，此句与祈使句意思相同。 如：You must come here early. =Come here, early! must与have to  must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要。 have to 侧重于客观上的必要，用于过去时，将来时，但must可以用在间接引语中，表示过去的必要或义务。

  5. will, shall的用法 1) will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求”。 对Will you …? 的回答有以下方式： （1）Yes, I will. （2）Sure. （3）All right. （4）Certainly. （5）Yes, please. 2) shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见或表示客气的请求。 如：Shall I show you my book?     Shall we sing the English song? 对Shall I (we)…的疑问句的回答方式： (1)Yes, please (2) No, thank you.

  6. 情态动词must, should, can, may,  could, might都可表推测。【肯定推测】1. must用于肯定句,表示较有把握的推测,意为“准是,一定”。后面接动词原形,表示对现在的推测。如:—I’ve had no sleep for 48 hours.我已经48小时没睡觉了。—You must be exhausted. 你一定筋疲力尽了。2. should用于肯定句中,语气次之,意为“很可能,应该”,指按常理推测。如:They left yesterday. They should be home by now. 他们昨天就离开了,现在该到家了。3. can用在肯定句中,表示理论上的可能性。如:Smoking can cause cancer.吸烟有可能引起癌症。4. may用在肯定句中,表示对现在把握不大的推测,意为“也许,可能”。如:Don’t play with the knife. You may cut yourself. 不要玩小刀,你可能会伤了自己。5. could, might也可表示推测意义,常用在过去时态中;但在某些场合下,为了使语气更缓和、更委婉,常用could, might代替can, may。如:

  7. They saw something in the sky last night. It could / might be a UFO. 昨天晚上他们看见天空中有个东西。它有可能是不明飞行物。You may / might / could be very tired. 你可能很累吧!【否定推测】1. 表示否定的推测时,can’t / couldn’t语气最强,指“不可能”,带有惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。如:The story sounds reasonable, but it can’t be true. 这个故事听起来合情合理,但不可能是真的。2. 语气不很肯定时,常用may not或might not表否定推测,意为“可能不,也许不”。如:He may not / might not be at home.他可能不在家。【疑问句中的推测】疑问句中的推测,常用can或could,意为“可能”。如:Who can it be? Can it be Jenny? 那能是谁呢?是玛丽吗?

  8. 基础题 选用can, could, may, must, shall, should, will, would, can’t, mustn’t, needn’t或have to, don’t have to填空: 1. There is air around us, though we ________ see it. 2. Your mother is getting better and better. You _______ worry about her. 3. You _______ play football in the busy street. 4.It’s was so dark that no one_____see clearly. 5. Tom _______ come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure. 6. _____________ you please get me some water for me? 7. As a student,we _____obey the school rules. 8. “Must we hand in our exercise books today?” “Yes, you ______.” /“No, you ________.” 9. “May I take this magazine out of the reading-room?” “Yes, you _______.” “No, you _______.” 10. Please speak a little louder so that I _______ hear you. 11.I missed the train, so I _________take a taxi. 12. You ______wear right shoes when you go rock climbing. Can’t needn’t mustn’t could may Will/Would/Could must must needn’t /don’t have to may can’t mustn’t can had to should

  9. 任务型阅读 Read the rules about gymnastic classes and complete the sentences. Use can, can’t, must, mustn’t or should. Gymnastics Club New members:No need for a test. Beginers: We advise an introduction course first. British Gymnastics Awards available,if students want to take tests. Personaj safety: We advise you to tie back long hair. Always wear the right clothes. No jumping on equipment unless instructor is present. Don’t try new skillswithout advice from instructor. No belts, jewellery or watches. 1.You ______join the club without a test. 2. You ______wear the right clothes. 3.You ______wear a belt,jewellery or a watch. 4.You ______tie back long hair. 5.You________try new skills without the instructor’s advice. 6. You______take tests if you want to. 7.Beginners_______start gymnastics without doing an Introduction course first. can must Mustn’t should Mustn’t can can’t

  10. Discussion; Can you give me some suggestions? I will be late for school… I don’t know the way… I am too fat…. I am ill…

  11. Possible answers 1.You must go to bed and get up early. 2.You shouldn’t stay up late at night. 3.You should buy a map./take a map with you. 4.You may ask a policeman for help. 5.You have to see a doctor at once. 6.You needn’t worry about yourself, I will take you to the hospital. 7.You should stay in bed and have a good rest. 8.You should take more exercise every day. 9.You must eat less food and drink more water.

  12. 提高题 1.--My car has broken down,could you please pick me up tomorrow? --I’m sorry I____, I’m leaving for London tonight. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t 2. –May I watch TV now, mum? -No, you _____. You _____ do your homework first. A. don’t; must B. don’t; can’t C. can’t; must D. can’t; can 3. Scientists think there____be living things on Mars(火 星）,because it’s simiar to the earth. A.can’t B.may C.won’t D.would 4. He isn’t in the school. I think he ______ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must 5. Children ______ play on the road or in the street. It is dangerous. A. may not B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t 6. Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it ____be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 7--_____ the girl be sent to hospital at once? -No, she needn’t. She’ll be all right soon. A. Can B. May C. Must D. Will

  13. 8.-Must I return the book this morning? -No, you _____. But you ______ return it before supper. A.needn’t;must B.mustn’t; can C.mustn’t; may D.can’t; need 9. You ____ to go and see the doctor right now. A. must B. should C. have D. will 10. Don’t play with the knife. You ______ hurt yourself. A. may B. should C. have to D. need 11. Look, what you have done! You _____ more careful. A. may be B. had to C. should be D. should 12. It’s a fine day today. You _____ take a raincoat with you. A. mustn’t B. don’t need C. needn’t D. can’t 13.Peter _____ come with us this afternoon, but he isn’t very sure yet. A. shall B. may C. can D.must 14.I _____ like someone to take me to the museum. A. will B. would C. shall D. need 15.Would you please___the window? It’s so cold outside. A.open B.opening C.not open D. not to open 16. -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do

  14. 17.–Look! It _____ be the new headmaster. -It _____ be him. He has gone to Beijing . A. can; mustn’t B. can; can’t C. must; can’t D. must; may 18.______ I close the window? It’s so cold here. A. Must B. Will C. Need D. Shall 19.You _____ return the bike now. You can keep it till tomorrow if you like. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not 20.You _____ yourself about money. A. needn’t worry B. needn’t to worry C. don’t need worry D. needn’t be worry 21.____ I ask your name, please? A. Will B. Shall C. May D. Must 22.You _____ do it even if you don’t want to. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. have to D. needn’t 23.–Will you stay for supper? -Sorry, I _____. My sister is coming to see me. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. won’t 24.Will you______finish the work on time? I think I____. A. can will B.are able to, will C. be able to will 25.They ___ do well in the exam.tomorrow A.will can B. are able to C. can be able to D. will be able to

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