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2. Clearcast®herbicide, a new product from BASF Professional Vegetation Management (ProVM), provides aquatic and terrestrial weed control with minimal irrigation restrictions. Clearcast is highly selective – controlling target weeds, leaving desirables unaffected, making it ideal for aquatic areas used for fishing and other recreation activities.

3. History and Development • Clearcast is part of the imidazolinone family of chemistry; discovered in 1969. • Imazamox, the active ingredient in Clearcast, was first approved for use in 1997 on soybeans and is currently used on 15 different crops on a global basis. • In 2003 imazamox received an exemption from tolerance designation from the US EPA, resulting in the waiving of food residue tolerance requirements for all potential food or feed uses of imazamox. It is the only organic herbicide that is exempt from all tolerances. • BASF has conducted its aquatic research in conjunction with University Cooperators, US Army Corp of Engineers and consultants. • Excellent results have been achieved with foliar treatments on floating and emergent species.

4. Clearcast Herbicide Formulation • Clearcast is a liquid (water based) formulation containing 1.0 pound of active ingredient per gallon of product • Clearcast does not contain a surfactant • Foliar applications require the addition of an appropriate adjuvant for aquatic sites • Clearcast is non-volatile and does not contain any petroleum solvents

5. Clearcast Application Flexibility • No restrictions on fishing, swimming, drinking, and no live stock watering restriction • No irrigation restrictions when residues fall below 50 ppb • Labeled for use on golf course irrigation ponds* • See label for specific irrigation restrictions

6. Irrigation Restrictions • Still and quiescent waters with an average depth of four (4) or more feet receiving a foliar application of Clearcast (≤ 2 quarts per acre) to emergent/floating vegetation may be used for irrigation on allowable sites 24 hours after application is completed. • There are no irrigation restrictions on allowable sites for the use of treated water from flowing waters, such as irrigation canals with an average depth of four (4) or more feet, receiving a foliar application of Clearcast (≤ 2 quarts per acre) to emergent/floating vegetation. • DO NOT use any Clearcast-treated waters from still or quiescent sources for irrigation purposes less than 24 hours after Clearcast application is completed. • Waters receiving Clearcast either as a water treatment or as a foliar treatment on emergent/floating plants may be used for irrigation as long as concentrations are ≤ 50 ppb.

7. Clearcast Application Tips • Good coverage is important for optimal control • Surfactant is always required for emergent and floating species • For best results, use a MSO or MSO/silicone blend • Applications can be made around desirable hardwood vegetation

8. Spray Adjuvants • The following types of spray adjuvants are recommended for use with Clearcast for emergent treatments: • Non-ionic • Modified seed oil • Vegetable oil concentrates • Silicone based surfactants • Invert emulsions • Always use an adjuvant that is appropriate for aquatic use

9. Clearcast inhibits a plant specific enzyme (AHAS) that is essential to the production of three amino acids. • Sensitive plants stop growing within 24 hours after treatment and then slowly senesce as food and energy reserves are exhausted. Speed of senescence will vary with plant size and growth habit. • Clearcast is quickly absorbed by plant foliage and translocated throughout the plant where it concentrates in the actively growing portions of roots and shoots. This characteristic enhances the long term control of many perennial plant species. • For foliar applications Clearcast is rainfast within one hour. • Clearcast is taken up by plant roots in terrestrial settings. Root uptake in aquatic settings is likely to be less significant because of the significant water solubility. Mode of Action

10. Mammalian Toxicology • Clearcast herbicide has a very favorable toxicological profile and product labeling carries a CAUTION signal word • Acute mammalian (human) toxicity via oral, dermal, eye and inhalation routes of entry are all EPA category III-IV, the lowest level of concern • Based on the results of EPA required testing, Clearcast is not expected to cause any adverse chronic affects in mammals • Clearcast is not a carcinogen, terratogen, mutagen nor is it an endocrine disruptor

11. Ecotoxicology • Clearcast has a very favorable ecotoxicology profile • Based on the battery of studies performed to achieve EPA registration, Clearcast is not expected to have an adverse acute or chronic effect on birds, fish, mammals, insects, mollusks or crustaceans

12. Species/Test LC50/LD50 NOEC/NOEL Mallard duck 8-day dietary >5572 ppm 5572 ppm 14-day dietary >1950 mg/kg 1950 mg/kg Bobwhite quail 8-day dietary >5572 ppm 5572 ppm 14-day dietary >1846 mg/kg 1846 mg/kg Honey bee contact >25 mg/bee 25 mg/bee Ecotoxicology

13. Species/Test LC50 NOEC Bluegill sunfish 96h flow-through >119 ppm 119 ppm Rainbow trout 96h flow-through >122 ppm 122 ppm Daphnia 96h flow-through 122 ppm >122 ppm

14. Water: • The primary means of dissipation in water is via dilution and photolytic breakdown • Photolytic breakdown in water results in a 10 to 14 day half life • Photolytic half life will vary based on water clarity, depth, vegetative cover and light intensity • Clearcast herbicide does not bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms Environmental Fate- Water and Sediment/Soil • Sediment/Soil: • Clearcast herbicide does not partition into or accumulate in the hydrosoil/sediment • Under aerobic soil conditions (terrestrial), Clearcast is degraded by soil microorganisms • The half life of Clearcast in soil is approximately 12-days, depending on environmental and soil conditions

15. Floating, emergent, and shoreline weeds and brush • Water hyacinth • Frogbit • Water shield • Water lily • Alligator weed • Primrose • Common salvinia • Lotus • Parrotfeather • Water four leaf clover • Pennywort • Pickerelweed • Smartweed • Spatterdock • Sagittaria • Cattail • Phragmites • Giant reed- arundo • Chinese tallowtree • Brazilian pepper tree

16. Shoreline

17. Control Purple Loosestrife 9 months after treatment – 32 oz/A

18. Cattail 9 months after treatment - 32 oz/A

19. Cattail control 1 year after treatment - 32 oz/A

20. Cattail control 30 days after treatment - 32 oz/A

21. Phragmites Control1 year after treatment - 64oz/A + 1% MSO

22. Arundo 0.5% + 1% MSO 9 months after treatment

23. Selective Chinese Tallowtree and Phragmites Control Aerial application of Clearcast applied over the top of desirable hardwoods.

24. Selective Chinese Tallowtree Control

25. Red Mulberry - Morusrubra Salt bush, Groundsel-tree – Baccharis halimifolia Wax Myrtle – Myrica cerifera Loblolly Pine - Pinus taeda Southern Red Cedar - Juniperussilicicola Sugarberry - Celtislaevigata Bald Cypress - Taxodiumdistichum Elm Species – Ulmus spp. Chinaberry tree - Meliaazedarach Black Willow - Salixnigra Live Oak - Quercusvirginiana Trees shown to be tolerant to Clearcast Species listed are results from research conducted by Jack Whetstone, Clemson University

26. Cypress Screening (LSU Sanders) Study conducted by Dr. Dearl Sanders at Louisiana State University shows the tolerance of foliar applied Clearcast to cypress seedlings from rates ranging from 64oz/A to 4oz/A. 0 8 4 16 24 32 64

27. Floating and Emergent Weeds

28. Water Hyacinth 6 weeks after treatment Untreated Clearcast 16oz/A

29. Water Hyacinth 4 weeks after treatment

30. Cattail, Sedge and Alligatorweed 25 days after treatment - 0.5% v/v Red maple tolerance at 64oz/A

31. Cattail, Sedge and Alligatorweed 63 days after treatment - 0.5% v/v

32. Watershield Before Treatment

33. Watershield 6 weeks after treatment - 64oz/A

34. Good Coverage is Critical - surfactant needed

35. Spatterdock, Watershield and Waterlily - 64 oz/A

36. Waterlily, Spatterdock and Watershield 6 weeks after treatment

37. Common Salvinia in Louisiana 64 oz/A + MSO/silicone blend 1% v/v

38. Clearcast Symptoms

39. Common Salvinia in Louisiana 6 month after treatment

41. Frogbit, Cattail and Pickerelweed Control 2 months after treatment - 32oz/A

42. American Pondweed 25 days after treatment

43. Summary • Slow acting so no dissolved oxygen concerns • Only EPA tolerance exempt herbicide • Labeled for golf course waters • More consistent control compared to glyphosate alone • Great tank mix partner with glyphosate • Good coverage is important for optimal control • Surfactant is always required for emergent and floating species • For best results, use a MSO or MSO/silicone blend • Applications can be made around desirable hardwood vegetation • Non volatile

44. What is the difference between Clearcast and Habitat® herbicide? • Clearcast is approved for both submerged and foliar applications. • Clearcast is more selective. • Clearcast has minimal effect on brush. • Clearcast can be used in irrigation water with minimal irrigation limitations. • Clearcast has a short soil residual.

45. Questions