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Los artículos definidos e indefinidos ( Definite and indefinite articles )

Los artículos definidos e indefinidos ( Definite and indefinite articles ). Definite articles in English :. the. Definite articles in Spanish :. el/la/los / las. General nouns. In English we don’t use the article for general nouns; in Spanish you have to: Love is good; hate is bad.

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Los artículos definidos e indefinidos ( Definite and indefinite articles )

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  1. Los artículos definidos e indefinidos (Definite and indefinitearticles)

  2. Definite articles in English: • the

  3. Definitearticles in Spanish: • el/la/los/ las

  4. General nouns In English we don’t use the article for general nouns; in Spanish you have to: • Love is good; hate is bad. • El amor es bueno; el odio es malo.

  5. This sentence has two different meanings in English: • No me gustan los unicornios. • I don’t like unicorns. (general) • I don’t like the unicorns. (specific – you must have mentioned unicorns at some point in your conversation and now you are referencing them)

  6. How do you know if the noun refers to a specific use or a general one?

  7. Answer: • Context

  8. OMIT Omit the definite article with mass nouns that don’t have a specified amount: • No tengo paciencia. • Compré ropa. • ¿Tomas pastillas? BUT • ¿Tomaste las pastillas que te dio el médico?

  9. The indefinite article!

  10. Indefinite articles in English: • a/an

  11. Indefinite articles in Spanish: • un/una/unos/unas • unos/unas=some/a few

  12. Use él/un with feminine nouns that begin with a stressed a-/ha-: • el alma • el hacha • el agua BUT • las almas/las hachas/las aguas • la alfombra

  13. Adjectives still take the feminine form: • el agua clara • el hacha pequeña

  14. OMIT Omit the indefinite article after ser with jobs, nationalities, religion, gender, social status: • Soy professor. / I’m a teacher. • Ella es judía. / She’s a Jew. • Ella esmujer. / She is a woman.

  15. BUT Don’t omit the indefinite article if you modify the noun with an adjective: • Soy un profesor malo. / I’m a badteacher. • Ella es una judía vieja. / She’sanoldJew.

  16. OMIT with phrases with ¡Qué_____!: • ¡Quéidiota! What a moron!

  17. OMIT before: • otro: otro día –anotherday • cierto: cierta señora – a certain lady • tal: tal cosa – such a thing • medio: media naranja – halfanorange • ciento: ciento murciélagos – a hundredbats • mil: mil duendes – a thousandgoblins

  18. LO lo can be used in front of an adjective to turn it into a noun: • lo maravilloso – the marvelous thing • lo fácil – the easy part • lo absurdo – the absurd thing

  19. It can be used with masculine/feminine/singular/plural adjectives + que to describe a quality of the person/people: • Yo vi lo tonta que es. I saw how foolish she is. • Oí lo cómicos que son. I heard how funny they are.

  20. LO is also used with de to mean “the matter/business concerning…”: • Lo de Juan es una lástima. That business about Juan is a shame.

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