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Week 3: Journalism 2001

Week 3: Journalism 2001. September 27, 2010. What’s wrong?. Phantom’s, not Phantoms Catalog, not catolog too high, not to high All of the above!. Review of last week’s news. DNT Analysis. Overall excellent job! You’re now reading the newspaper with a more critical eye

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Week 3: Journalism 2001

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  1. Week 3: Journalism 2001 September 27, 2010

  2. What’s wrong? • Phantom’s, not Phantoms • Catalog, not catolog • too high, not to high • All of the above!

  3. Review of last week’s news

  4. DNT Analysis • Overall excellent job! • You’re now reading the newspaper with a more critical eye • Better understanding of what goes into the newspaper; why editors make story selections • What surprised you while doing assignment?

  5. Review: Summary lead assignment • Overall great start! • Remember: • One-sentence summary lead, 35 words or less • Use dateline • Write in past tense, active voice • Watch state abbreviations: Fla FL FLA • Watch wordiness • has resulted in the man’s death • an altercation with police involving a taser • leads to the suspect being shot • M-26 Taser stun gun • following an attempt: after

  6. Here’s the summary lead from the Associated Press: HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man behaving strangely in front of a hotel died after police shot him with a stun gun, then wrestled him to the ground and handcuffed him because he had not been subdued. Many of your leads are just as strong! HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man behaving strangely died Sunday after the police shot him with a stun gun and wrestled him to the ground in front of a hotel because they believed he was on drugs. HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man, believed to be on drugs, died Sunday when an officer shot him with a stun gun after he refused orders outside of a local hotel. HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man believed to be under the influence of drugs died Sunday after police shot him with a stun gun due to strange behavior that was reported outside a local hotel.

  7. Let’s improve these leads: A man died in a police accident in front of a hotel on Sunday when he resisted arrest forcing officers to shoot him with a M-26 taser, he then ripped the stun darts out of his chest and charged the officers forcing them to subdue him but he died in the hospital shortly after. • Run-on sentence • 54 words: too much info – where to cut? • Why?

  8. Man is pronounced dead after being tasered by police officer for acting strangely outside a hotel room. • Stick to past tense • When? • A hotel room? • Reads like an announcement, not news story 50,000 volts of electricity hit and killed a man police saw outside a hotel behaving strangely, probably on drugs, and when the matter was pursued he violently attempted to resident arrest. • What type of electricity? • Focus • When? • Intentional killing?

  9. Review: Writing a summary lead • Usually a single sentence • No more than 35 words • Bottom line: • Use a single sentence of no more than 35 words to summarize an event

  10. Use active voice! • Avoid “to be” • a man was killed…. • a man was shot by police…. • was behaving strangely • Active and passive voice: • http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g_actpass.html • http://www.englishbaby.com/lessons/4717/member_submitted/the_passive

  11. Grammar exercise • Dr. Grammar tips: • http://www.drgrammar.org/

  12. Hard News 1 Story Assignment Work in teams to interview Duluth citizens about the gubernatorial election Each reporter writes own story Interview 8-10 Duluth residents Might not use all sources in story List all sources, with contact info, at end of story Groups of 1 to 2 Stories will be posted on class website: Fall Jour 2001 Website

  13. Let’s brainstorm ideas of where Duluth residents gather: Canal Park DECC Miller Hall Mall Holiday Inn Bus Hub Grocery store Coffee shop Walgreens Bus Hub UMD Kirby Student Center Food Court Solon Campus Center High schools

  14. Ideas from 2008 Greyhound bus station West Duluth Amazing Grace café in Canal Park Fond du Luth Casino/Old Downtown First Street/Cozy Bar/Encounter Gas station Miller Hill Mall bus stop Pizza Luce concert Courthouse Courtyard Public library Canal Park/Lift bridge WalMart Dunn Brothers coffee shop

  15. Ideas from 2007 UMD Dining Center/Kirby Student Center Northland Gaming Center Lincoln Park/West End Encounter/Cozy Bar corner (2nd Ave. E. & First St.) Spirit Mountain Miller Hill Mall Community Center DECC: Hockey game Downtown: Superior Street Marshal Performing Arts Center: Play

  16. Hard News 1 Story Pitch:Due Today! Length of story pitch: three paragraphs, about 200 words Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthy

  17. Let’s make sure that we are covering Duluth • Amy: Plaza Super One • Klaus: West End • Luke: Highland Village Apartments • Jarred: Miller Hill Mall • Emily: Canal Park • Ann/Julie: UMD/Food Court • DanielleBrooke: Central High School Teachers • Lizzy: Cub • Annelyse: WalMart

  18. Madiha: Mount Royal • Olivia/Kaylie: Caribou Coffee • Reegan: Student Athletes • Stephanie: Lester Park • Haley: Starbucks • Princess/Jillian: CSS/UMD Library • Holly: Target • Tony: LSH/Griggs • Fond du Luth Casino • Nick: Electric Fetus • Anne: Pizza Luce

  19. What are the key issues for the governor’s race? • Work in teams at each table • Come up with four issues in 5 minutes • Post questions on class website at: • http://blog.lib.umn.edu/lkragnes/jour2001fall2010/

  20. Let’s grade Chapter 4 Quiz

  21. Chapter 4: Reporting Basics

  22. Where stories come from Stuff happens constantly • Breaking news • Scheduled events • News releases • Your ideas • The story becomes a package • Web stories can include: • Audio • Video • Links to related information • Other interactive elements

  23. Where stories come from Breaking news events • Always be ready. • The bigger the story, the more you need to be on the scene. • Move fast. • Always carry a cell phone. • Carry a camera.

  24. Where stories come from Scheduled events • Write advances, precedes or previews. • Make sure the newsroom keeps a long-range calendar. • Bone up on history before the event. • Team up with editors, photographers and other reporters for big events.

  25. Where stories come from New releases • Some handouts are truly newsy. • Do not print releases verbatim. • If you turn releases into a longer story, verify facts. • If you use a quote from the release, say “according to the release” or “in a prepared statement.”

  26. Let’s look at UMD’s news releases • Susan Latto, Public Relations Director • http://www.d.umn.edu

  27. Stories in morgue • Oregon pays tribute to its Vietnam vets: • p. 216 • Mail species: • p. 217 • Glove story: • p. 219 • You wore flip-flops to the White House?!: • p. 222

  28. Finding and using sources A reporter is only as good as his or her sources • Select sources for relevance. • Police beat • Check sources for accuracy. • Balance sources for fairness. • Cultivate sources for tips. • Coffee shop

  29. Finding and using Sources The more sources you use, the better your reporting will be • Depth • Story will provide more information and insight. • Context • Reader discovers more points of view. • Reliability • Less chance of inaccuracy or bias.

  30. Finding and using sources The wide world of sources • Newsmakers • Spokespeople • Experts • Official records • Reference material • Ordinary folks

  31. Using the Internet A researcher’s dream come true • You can’t always trust what you find. • It is no substitute for reality. • Do some real reporting.

  32. Using the Internet Webliography Research & reference • www.bartleby.com • www.statelocalgov.net • www.profnet.com • www.urbanlegends.about.com Search engines • www.google.com • www.yahoo.net • www.webcrawler.com • Journalism tips & tools • www.npc.press.org/ library/reporter.clm • www.newslink.org • www.poynter.org • reporter.umd.edu

  33. Using the Internet Evaluating a website’s reliability • Authority • Sure of the author’s identity, reliability and credentials? • Site sponsored by reputable institution or organization? • Information seem comprehensive and complete? • Is there a way to contact author or verify or challenge information?

  34. Using the Internet Evaluating a Web site’s reliability • Accuracy • Does the information originate with the source? • Can you verify this information from another reliable source? • Are there spelling, grammar or factual errors that cast doubt on the site?

  35. Using the Internet Evaluating a Web site’s reliability • Timeliness • Has site been updated recently? • Are there publication dates on all pages containing timely material? • Can you ensure all information is up to date? • Are the links to and from the pages updated regularly?

  36. Using the Internet Beyond the basics • Newgroups • Online bulletin boards organized by topic. • E-mail • Most efficient way to contact experts. • Weblogs • Mostly opinion. • Writing your own blog can establish dialogue with sources and readers.

  37. Taking notes Good note-taking isn’t easy • Involves multitasking • Listening • Interpreting • Observing • Evaluating • Writing • Thinking • Need a system to guarantee that what you report matches the data your source gave you

  38. Taking notes A page in a reporter’s notebook • Speed transcription. • Skip small words. • Abbreviate long words. • Carefully spell out important facts. • Use the first free moment to review notes.

  39. Taking notes A page in a reporter’s notebook • Choose a notebook that is a comfortable size for you. • Use different colors ink for different speakers. • Mark things that seem important. • Draw lines to separate speakers. • Use quotation marks around quotes.

  40. Setting up the interview • Make an appointment • Call or email your source, time permitting • Identify yourself as reporter, name publication • Set length of interview in advance • Half hour, hour, over lunch • Make interview convenient for source • Describe the story • Dress the part • Be on time!

  41. Asking questions • Do your homework! • Write out your questions • Use reporter’s notebook, refer back to them • Let the conversation flow – other questions often answered • Make eye contact • Example: Senator interview

  42. Personal questions • Tough to ask personal questions after a tragedy • Be compassionate, sympathetic • Do homework, try to interview in person • Break ice with general questions • Soften the question: • I know you’re busy; sorry to bother you • Examples: • Sunshine hits the accelerator • Flash flood in Buffalo

  43. Frame questions to fit the story’s purpose • Every story needs theme, purpose • Focus on the purpose when asking questions • Refer back to questions • Establish rapport • Tell sources who you are, what you are doing • Listen, don’t argue • Thank sources for their time • Set timeframe for the interview

  44. What to do with hostile sources • You’re not a lawyer: avoid hostile questions • Save tough questions for end of interview • Be sympathetic, understanding • Reason with the source • Try to understand source’s position • Repeat damaging things that have been said about a source • Keep asking questions

  45. Making, using observations • What’s unusual – or common? • Observe surroundings • Demeanor of source • Personal features • Examples: • Successful business leader interview • Train, doll collectors

  46. Write fast! • Take a lot of notes • Listen, don’t try to get down all the quotes • Never can have too many notes! • Take notes even if using tape recorder • Battery or tape failure, operator error • Using a tape recorder • Ask permission • Can be time consuming

  47. Advantages Disadvantages Highest accuracy Replaying and transcribing takes time Actual proof of what was said Machine can fail Can post interview on paper’s Web site If you don’t save tapes, not lasting record Taking notes Pros and cons • Tape recorder

  48. Advantages Disadvantages Nothing to break, no batteries People talk faster than you can write Easy to access and transcribe Standing still to write restricts movement Becomes permanent record Won’t be able to read all your own handwriting Taking notes Pros and cons • Notebook

  49. Advantages Disadvantages Fastest way to go from notes to story People talk fast; quotes may be inaccurate Most efficient way to get data on deadline Computers can destroy or delete files Can conduct interview using chat or e-mail Stuck sitting in one place staring at a screen Taking notes Pros and cons • Typing

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