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ED/GC 595 – Earth System Science: Inquiry Across Scientific Disciplines

ED/GC 595 – Earth System Science: Inquiry Across Scientific Disciplines. Dr. Dave Donovan, Professor of Physics, NMU. Marquette, MI June 2009. Physics Standards Grades 3 - 7. Grade 3 Changes in Motion Light and Sound Grade 4 Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism Grade 5

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ED/GC 595 – Earth System Science: Inquiry Across Scientific Disciplines

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  1. ED/GC 595 – Earth System Science: Inquiry Across Scientific Disciplines Dr. Dave Donovan, Professor of Physics, NMU. Marquette, MI June 2009

  2. Physics Standards Grades 3 - 7 • Grade 3 • Changes in Motion • Light and Sound • Grade 4 • Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism • Grade 5 • Measuring Changes in Motion • Position and Motion of Objects in the Sky

  3. Physics Standards Grades 3 – 7 (Cont) • Grade 6 • Matter and Energy • Plate Tectonics and Fossils • Grade 7 • Waves and Energy

  4. Content Statements and Expectations for Heat, Electricity and Magnetism

  5. http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mde/Complete_Science_GLCE_12-12-07_218314_7.pdfhttp://www.michigan.gov/documents/mde/Complete_Science_GLCE_12-12-07_218314_7.pdf • Page 43 – 45

  6. Charge is a fundamental property of matter that indicates how the matter will behave in an electric or a magnetic field. • Unit of Charge is the Coulomb, 1 electron has a charge of -1.6 x 10-19 C. => 1 C requires 1018 e- s • There are two types of Charge: Positive(+) and Negative(-) • Ben Franklin first proposed the laws of Charge • Like Charges Repel • Opposite Charges Attract • Most objects are charged by an excess (-) or a deficiency (+) of electrons.

  7. http://web.ncf.ca/ch865/graphics/ParabInEFld.jpeg

  8. http://www.stneots- science.co.uk/Physics_GCSE/Physics_AQA/Physics_1B/Radiation_E_Field.GIF E Field going from top to bottom, High Voltage to Low Voltage

  9. http://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys136d/modules/m7/images/Image1234.gifhttp://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys136d/modules/m7/images/Image1234.gif Negatively Charged (-) Particle Positively Charged (+) Particle B Field going into Paper

  10. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/spaceweather/images/cyclotron_animated.gifhttp://www.windows.ucar.edu/spaceweather/images/cyclotron_animated.gif

  11. http://blog.makezine.com/carbon%20atom.jpg

  12. Current is the amount of charge which moves past a given reference point in a given amount of time. • The unit of Current is the Ampere. 1 A = 1 C/s • Voltage is the amount of Electrical Potential Energy per unit Charge at a point. • The unit of Voltage is the Volt. 1 V = 1 J/C. • J (Joule) is a unit of energy. • 1 J is the amount of energy a 2 kg mass has when moving 1 m/s, or 4.186 J is the energy needed to heat 1 g of water 1˚C. (ie. 4.186 J is 1 Calorie)

  13. Current goes from Higher Voltage (more +) to Lower Voltage (more -). • + Charges are repelled by Higher (+) Voltages and attracted to Lower (-) Voltages. • - Charges are attracted to Higher (+) Voltages and repelled by Lower (-) Voltages. • Currents are defined by the direction a (+) charge would take in a circuit.

  14. Water Analogy of Electricity • Current is analogous to Water Flow (ie how much water flows in the pipe?). • Voltage is analogous to Water Pressure (ie how much energy does the water in the pipe have?). • Resistance is the opposition to current flow. It is analogous to impediments in the pipe, debris, friction, changes in pipe diameter, etc.

  15. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/physical_science/physics/electricity/images/circuit_analogy_water_pipes_sm.jpghttp://www.windows.ucar.edu/physical_science/physics/electricity/images/circuit_analogy_water_pipes_sm.jpg

  16. http://img.tomshardware.com/us/2006/11/03/how_notebook_batteries_work_and_why_they_blow_up/how_batteries_work_figure02.jpghttp://img.tomshardware.com/us/2006/11/03/how_notebook_batteries_work_and_why_they_blow_up/how_batteries_work_figure02.jpg

  17. http://www.rare-earth-magnets.com/images2/00020.jpg

  18. Large Current, Small VoltageSimilar to water flowing on the ground.Little Damage (Work) done!

  19. http://www.land-by-swac.com/owen/caglesdam3.jpg

  20. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_rRE3wywM9G8/Rv1jdbjZ_DI/AAAAAAAAAF8/Jc2N0JTyYLc/s400/birds+on+a+wire.jpghttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_rRE3wywM9G8/Rv1jdbjZ_DI/AAAAAAAAAF8/Jc2N0JTyYLc/s400/birds+on+a+wire.jpg

  21. Small Current, Large VoltageSimilar to water drop dropped from large height.Little Damage (Work) done!

  22. http://image14.webshots.com/15/3/54/74/175435474pPYzHV_fs.jpghttp://image14.webshots.com/15/3/54/74/175435474pPYzHV_fs.jpg

  23. http://images.veer.com/IMG/PIMG/FAN/FAN2050908_P.JPG

  24. http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/images/static_sparks-finger.jpghttp://www.school-for-champions.com/science/images/static_sparks-finger.jpg

  25. Large Current, Large VoltageSimilar to water flowing on the ground from a great height.Significant Damage (Work) done!

  26. http://www.zmescience.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/waterfall3.jpghttp://www.zmescience.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/waterfall3.jpg

  27. http://contentdm.library.unr.edu/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/spphotos&CISOPTR=450http://contentdm.library.unr.edu/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/spphotos&CISOPTR=450

  28. http://i.pbase.com/g3/60/657460/2/58705452.lightning2a7z.jpg

  29. An Electrical Circuit is a collection of Electrical Elements connected together. • Electrical Elements are Power Providers (Batteries), Power Using Devices (Lights, motors, etc), and Connective Elements (Wires). • A circuit will have electrical current flow through it only if the circuit is complete. The circuit begins on or at a High Voltage point and it must end on or at a Low Voltage point. Often these are two parts of a Power Providing Device.

  30. A Simple Circuit

  31. A Simple Circuit High Voltage i (current) i (current) Power Using Low Voltage Power Providing

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