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Nicotine addiction

Background. Tobacco first cultivated by Americans.Major constituents: particulates of sticky solids(tar), gases as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and volatiles, metals and nicotine.Nicotine (C10H14N2) naturally occurring liquid alkaloid of solanacea family.Widely used as a botanical insecticide.

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Nicotine addiction

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    1. Nicotine addiction Alisha Rijal

    2. Background Tobacco first cultivated by Americans. Major constituents: particulates of sticky solids(tar), gases as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and volatiles, metals and nicotine. Nicotine (C10H14N2) naturally occurring liquid alkaloid of solanacea family. Widely used as a botanical insecticide. 71% of worlds population have tried smoking before age of 19.

    3. Causes and effects Addiction of Nicotine is common in person with mental illness and disorders. Leading cause of premature death in US. Smoking causes 1 in 5 deaths in US. Death from cancer, cardiovascular disease and pulmonary disease. Associated with fire and trauma related injuries.

    4. Pharmacology of nicotine Tertiary amine consisting of pyrimidine and pyrrolidine ring. Absorbed rapidly into pulmonary venous circulation. Binds to nicotinic cholinergic receptors(nAChRs). Carried as smoke particles in the lungs.

    5. Smoking is a physical addiction produces a "chain reaction" Nicotine acts on receptors normally used by one of the main neurotransmitters in the brain and nervous system (acetylcholine). Body responds to nicotine at these receptors which alters physiological functions of many brain systems. Repeated nicotine dosage in the body adapts to extraacetylcholine in an attempt to restore normal function. Nicotine increases the level of dopamine in the brain (neurotransmitter)that is responsible for feelings of pleasure and well-being.

    6. Biology of nicotine addiction Acts as nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonist. Triggers release of neurotransmitters. Induces psychoactive effects. Calming as well as hormonal effects. Absorbed and enters the bloodstream. When inhaled enters through lungs. When chewed enters through the lining of the mouth.

    7. Biology of nicotine addiction

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