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ANDROGENY

ANDROGENY. © 2005, John B. Pryor, Ph.D. Illinois State University. Describe yourself. 1. Not at all independent Very independent 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 2. Not at all emotional Very emotional

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ANDROGENY

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  1. ANDROGENY © 2005, John B. Pryor, Ph.D. Illinois State University

  2. Describe yourself 1. Not at all independent Very independent 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 2. Not at all emotional Very emotional 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 3. Very passive Very active 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  3. 4. Not at all able Able to devote self to devote self to devote self completely completely to others to others 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 5. Very rough Very gentle 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  4. 6. Not at all helpful Very helpful to others to others 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 7. Not at all competitive Very competitive 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 8. Not at all kind Very kind 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  5. 9. Not at all aware of Very aware of feelings of others feelings of others 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 10. Has difficulty Can make making decisions decisions easily 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 11. Gives up Never gives very easily up easily 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  6. 12.Not at all Very self- self- confident confident 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 13. Feels very inferior Feels very superior 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 14. Not at all Very understanding understanding of others of others 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  7. 15. Very cold Very warm in relations in relations with others with others 0..........1..........2..........3..........4 16. Goes to pieces Stands up well under pressure under pressure 0..........1..........2..........3..........4

  8. Scoring the PAQ • Masculine Scale: Items 1,3,7,10,11,12,13,16 • Feminine Scale: Items 2,4,5,6,8,9,14,15 MEDIANS Males Females Masculine Scale 2321 Feminine Scale 2225

  9. Androgynous Above Median for Feminine Above Median for Masculine Traditional Masculine Below Median for Feminine Traditional Feminine Above Median for Feminine Below Median for Masculine Below Median for Feminine Undifferentiated

  10. Androgyny: definition -having characteristics of both sexesGreek roots:andr--mangyne--woman

  11. Bem’s Flexibility Hypothesis • Androgynous females can act more independent if the situation calls for independence. • Androgynous males can act more caring (nurturent) if the situation calls for nurturence

  12. Which pair of strangers hits it off more? Androgynous Male & Androgynous Female Androgynous Male & Sex-typed Female Sex-typed Male & Androgynous Female Sex-typed Male & Sex-typed Female from Ickes & Layden

  13. Experimental Design from Andersen & Bem

  14. Gender Schema MALE FEMALE SELF • Early in life people learn the gender schema. • Sex-typed people have strong associations of the self to one part of this schema.

  15. Bems’ Gender Schema Theory • Sex-typed people have a cognitive readiness to categorize the world into male & female classes • Evidence-> Sex-typed people are more likely to cluster their recall of random words by gender categories • Evidence-> Sex-typed people are faster in judging the self-relevance of traditional adjectives & slower in judging non-traditional adjectives

  16. Some connections of androgyny to sex • Androgynous women tend to report more orgasms • Androgynous women tend to report more sexual satisfaction • Androgynous women and men tend to be more comfortable with sex

  17. Some connections of androgyny to sex • Adherence to traditional gender roles is related to earlier sexual activity and less contraceptive use Some connections of androgyny to age adjustment *Andronynous individuals are psychologically healthier as they grow older

  18. Critique of androgyny research • Is androgyny really an ideal? What about sex-role transcendence? • Androgynous people tend to be high in self-esteem. Are measures of androgyny proxies for self-esteem? • Different researchers use different measures of androgyny. These measures are not always highly correlated. • Relationships of androgyny to behavior are usually complex.

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