Edward A. Fox fox@vt fox.cs.vt

1. La Biblioteca Digitaly su rol en laEducación SuperiorBiblioteca CentralUniversidad Nacional del SurBahia Blanca, Argentina May 17-18, 2004 Edward A. Fox fox@vt.edu http://fox.cs.vt.edu

2. Acknowledgements (Selected) • Sponsors: ACM, Adobe, AOL, IBM, Microsoft, NASA, NLM, NSF, OCLC, SUN, US Dept. of Ed. (FIPSE) • VT Faculty/Staff: Debra Dudley, Weiguo Fan, Gail McMillan, Manuel Perez, Naren Ramakrishnan, Layne Watson, … • VT Students: Yuxin Chen, Shahrooz Feizabadi, Marcos Goncalves, Nithiwat Kampanya, S.H. Kim, Bing Liu, Paul Mather, Fernando Das Neves, Unni. Ravindranathan, Ryan Richardson, Rao Shen, Ricardo Torres, Wensi Xi, Baoping Zhang, …

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (NDLTD) • NDLTD Board of Directors, previous Steering Committee + other NDLTD committees; those running Electronic Thesis & Dissertation (ETD) initiatives in universities, regions, countries • Helpful sponsorship by many organizations, especially Adobe (new initiative!), CONACyT, DFG, FIPSE (US Dept. Education), IBM, Microsoft, NSF (IIS-9986089, 0086227, 0080748, 0325579; DUE-0121679, 0136690, 0121741, 0333601), OCLC, SOLINET, SUN, SURA, UNESCO, VTLS, many governments (Australia, Germany, India, …), … • Colleagues at Virginia Tech (faculty, staff, students), and collaborators at many universities • Slides included from: Vinod Chachra, Thom Hickey, Joan Lippincott, Gail McMillan, Axel Plathe, Hussein Suleman, …

4. Other Collaborators (Selected) • Brazil: FUA, UFMG, UNICAMP • Case Western Reserve University • Emory, Notre Dame, Oregon State • Germany: Univ. Oldenburg • Mexico: UDLA (Puebla), Monterrey • College of NJ, Hofstra, Penn State, Villanova • University of Arizona • University of Florida, Univ. of Illinois • University of Virginia • Endowment: VTLS

5. UNESCO • Cláudio Menezes [cmenezes@unesco.org.uy] • Purpose: • Reinforce local solutions, commitments • Emphasize: • ETD does not need many resources. • Open source and free software is available. • International cooperation can help. • Local training is crucial. • => Inclusion of ETD in practices, processes • => Schedule for ETD projects

6. Part 1 Digital Libraries and Higher Education

7. Virginia Tech Background • Largest university in Virginia, land-grant, football, town population 35K plus 26K students • Blacksburg Electronic Village, since 1992, with > 80% of community on Internet • Net.Work.Virginia, with sites for education, research, government • LMDS, Local Multipoint Distribution Service, gigabit wireless networking - 1/3 of Virginia • Math Emporium, 500 workstations • Faculty Development Initiative, round 3 • Torgersen Hall, $30M Advanced Communications and Information Technology Center, with DLRL

8. Fox at VT • Professor, Dept. of Computer Science • 1/3 time report to Erv Blythe, VP for Info. Tech. • Director, Digital Library Research Laboratory • Location: 2030 Torgersen Hall • Students: typically about 20 • Visitors: India: 2, S. Korea: 1, Brazil: 1, … • Grants: 9 active • Director of University Center: Internet Technology Innovation Center at VT

9. Internet TechnologyInnovation Center Supported by Virginia’s Center for Innovative TechnologyStatewide University Partners - Governing Board: • Christopher Newport University • William Winter, William Muir, Virginia Electronic Commerce Technology Center / Southeastern Virginia Network (VECTEC/SEVAnet) • George Mason University • Steven Ruth, International Center for Applied Studies in IT (ICASIT) • Old Dominion University – Kurt Maly (CS Head), … • University of Virginia • Alf Weaver, Internet Commerce Group (InterCom) • Jim French, Internet Digital Library • VCU – Information Systems, plus connection with telemedicine etc. • Virginia Tech • Edward Fox, Digital Library Research Laboratory (DLRL), CC, CS • Scott Midkiff, Center for Wireless Telecomm. (CWT), VTISC, ECpE

10. ITIC @ VTResearch Areas • Collaboration (e.g., group decision support) • Community networking (e.g., BEV) • Internet access (e.g., statewide network) • Information services (e.g., digital libraries) • Modeling and simulation (e.g., Web traffic) • Usability (e.g., human factors engineering) • Virtual environments (e.g., CAVE, visualization)

12. Digital Libraries Projects(other selected) • TULIP (Elsevier, OCLC) • BEV History Base (NSF, Blacksburg) • DL for CS Education - EI (NSF, ACM) • WATERS (NSF) • WCA (Log) Repository (W3C) • NSDL (NSF): DL-in-a-Box, GetSmart, OCKHAM • …

13. DL Examples • IBM Digital Library • Virtua (www.vtls.com) • Greenstone (www.greenstone.org) • Eprints (www.eprints.org) • Many systems in NSF DLI projects • VT systems: CITIDEL, CSTC, DL-in-a-box, ETANA, MARIAN, NCSTRL, NDLTD

14. Digital Libraries --- Objectives • World Lit.: 24hr / 7day / from desktop • Integrated “super” information systems: 5S: streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, societies • Ubiquitous, Higher Quality, Lower Cost • Education, Knowledge Sharing, Discovery • Disintermediation -> Collaboration • Universities Reclaim Property • Interactive Courseware, Student Works • Scalable, Sustainable, Usable, Useful

15. Benefits • Ease of use • Effectiveness • “The benefits of digital libraries will not be appreciated unless they are easy to use effectively.” - IITA Workshop report

16. DLs: Why of Global Interest? • National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly • Knowledge and information are essential to economic and technological growth, education • DL - a domain for international collaboration • wherein all can contribute and benefit • which leverages investment in networking • which provides useful content on Internet & WWW • which will tie nations and peoples together more strongly and through deeper understanding

17. Reagan Moore Ed Fox June 2002 for NSF

18. DL Challenges • Preservation - so people with trust DLs • Supporting infrastructure - networks, ... • Scalability, sustainability, interoperability • DL industry - critical mass by covering libraries, archives, museums, corporate info, govt info, personal info - “quality WWW” integrating IR, HT, MM, ... • Need tools & methods to make them easier to build

19. Libraries of the FutureJCR Licklider, 1965, MIT Press World Nation State City Community

20. Improving Education Info. Literacy (1995) Internet (1984) SGML (1985) Digital Libraries NSF DLI (1994) Multimedia (1986) WWW (1994) University Scholarly Electronic Pub. (1988) Library Cancellations (1988) PDF (1992)

21. SynchronousScholarly Communication Same time, Same or different place

22. Asynchronous, Digital Library Mediated Scholarly Communication Different time and/or place

23. Information Life Cycle Borgman et al.: Workshop Report on Social Aspects of Digital Libraries: http://www-lis.gseis. ucla.edu/DL/

24. Information Life Cycle Creation Active Authoring Modifying Social Context Using Creating Organizing Indexing Retention / Mining Accessing Filtering Storing Retrieving Semi- Active Utilization Distributing Networking Inactive Searching

25. Locating Digital Libraries in Computing and Communications Technology Space Digital Libraries technology trajectory: intellectual access to globally distributed information Communications (bandwidth, connectivity) Computing (flops) Digital content less more

27. CCLINC SERVER Summarization BugHanI IlBonE Ddo MiSaIlEul BalSaHan Deus HaDa Info Detection What is the north korean movement in the front line? Extraction What is the status of nk missile launch against japan? It seems that North Korea launch a missile again After North Korea launched a Daipodong missile last month, NK is perceived to proceed to an additional test launch. Korea, US and Japan enter into an alert state, and prepare for a joint response policy. Korea estimates that the additional launch will be on 09/05. Japan estimates that NK’s missile range is short.US information says that there is no sign of launch yet. Translation DARPA Integrated CCLINC Translingual Information System 2-way Speech Transation

28. Structured Video Browser(making video into hypermedia)www.learn.umd.edu • IBrowse • Expository multimedia • Narrative Structures

29. MPEG-7 Video Library Systems Tech. Video Data Description Scheme Description Schemes Design Tool Description Generator Meta Database Video Database Presentation Module Player Retrieval Server Module ICU Information and Communication University MPEG-7 Video Library Systems Tech. Architecture

30. AmericanSouth.Org – Roles, Content

34. Case Study: NCSTRL Costs/Benefits

35. Definitions • Library ++ (library+archive+museum+…) • Distributed information system + organization + effective interface • User community + collection + services • Digital objects, repositories, IPR management, handles, indexes, federated search, hyperbase, annotation

36. Definition: Digital Libraries are complex systems that • help satisfy info needs of users (societies) • provide info services (scenarios) • organize info in usable ways (structures) • present info in usable ways (spaces) • communicate info with users (streams)

37. Case Study: Education • Refactoring Scholarly Communication: • Creating, Sharing, Reviewing, Teaching, Learning, … • Physics: PhysNet • OCKHAM • CSTC, CITIDEL, NSDL • NDLTD

38. Digital LibrariesShorten the Chain from Author Editor Reviewer Publisher A&I Consolidator Library Reader

39. DLs Shorten the Chain to Roles Digital Library Author Teacher User Reader Editor Learner Reviewer Librarian

40. PhysNet

41. PACS Automatic Classification

42. OCKHAM • Simplicity (a la OCCAM’s razor) • Support by Mellon and DLF • Four main ideas: • Components • Lightweight protocols • Open reference models (e.g., 5S, OAIS) • Community perspective and involvement • Now funded by NSF in NSDL, with P2P

43. OCKHAM Library Network

44. CS -> CSTC -> CRIM • NSF and ACM Education Committee are funding a 2 year project “A Computer Science Teaching Center” - CSTC - http://www.cstc.org/ • College of NJ, U. Ill. Springfield, Virginia Tech • Focus initially on labs, visualization, multimedia • Multimedia part is also supported by a 2nd grant to Virginia Tech and The George Washington University: http://www.cstc.org/~crim/ (with curricular guidelines also under development)

45. CS Teaching Center (CSTC) • Instead of building large, expensive multimedia packages, that become obsolete and are difficult to re-use, concentrate on small knowledge units. • Learners benefit from having well-crafted modules that have been reviewed and tested. • Use digital libraries to build a powerful base of support for learners, upon which a variety of courses, self-study tutorials & reference resources can be built. • ACM support led to Journal of Educational Resources in Computing (JERIC), accessible from www.cstc.org

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