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Thursday October 22, 2009

Thursday October 22, 2009. Pick up the muscle note sheet! Did you miss the test on Tuesday? Did you complete virtual surgery? COOL!. The Man Whose Arms Exploded. Agenda & Homework. Agenda: 1) Cadaver visits December 8 & 10, 2009 Muscle Physiology Muscle Anatomy. Homework:

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Thursday October 22, 2009

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  1. Thursday October 22, 2009 • Pick up the muscle note sheet! • Did you miss the test on Tuesday? • Did you complete virtual surgery? COOL! The Man Whose Arms Exploded

  2. Agenda & Homework Agenda: 1) Cadaver visits December 8 & 10, 2009 • Muscle Physiology • Muscle Anatomy Homework: Learning muscles by making flash cards Use the website to study muscles

  3. Muscle Overview • The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth • These types differ in structure, location, function, and means of activation

  4. Muscle Tissue: Cardiac Figure 4.11b

  5. Muscle Tissue: Smooth Figure 4.11c

  6. Muscle Tissue: Skeletal • Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with obvious striations • Initiates and controls voluntary movement • Found in skeletal muscles that attach to bones or skin

  7. Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Figure 4.11a

  8. Skeletal Muscle Tissue • Packaged in skeletal muscles that attach to and cover the bony skeleton • Has obvious stripes called striations • Is controlled voluntarily (i.e., by conscious control) • Contracts rapidly but tires easily • Is responsible for overall body motility • Is extremely adaptable and can exert forces ranging from a fraction of an ounce to over 70 pounds

  9. Skeletal Muscle • Skeletal muscle cells are elongated and are called muscle fibers • Muscle contraction depends on two kinds of myofilaments (proteins) – actin and myosin • Muscle terminology • Sarcolemma – muscle cell membrane • Sarcoplasm – cytoplasm of a muscle cell • Prefixes – myo, mys, and sarco all refer to muscle

  10. Muscle Function 1) Skeletal muscles are responsible for all locomotion 2) Muscles also maintain posture, stabilize joints, and generate heat (ex: shiver)

  11. Structure and Organization of Skeletal Muscle Table 9.1a

  12. Structure and Organization of Skeletal Muscle Table 9.1b

  13. Skeletal Muscle • Each muscle is a discrete organ composed of muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerve fibers, and connective tissue

  14. Skeletal Muscle • The three connective tissue sheaths are: • Endomysium – fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding each muscle fiber (cell) • Perimysium – fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles • Epimysium – an overcoat of dense regular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle

  15. Skeletal Muscle Circle the Endomysium, Perimysium & Epimysium Figure 9.2a

  16. Nerve and Blood Supply • Each muscle is served by one nerve, an artery, and one or more veins • Each skeletal muscle fiber is supplied with a nerve ending that controls contraction • Contracting fibers require continuous delivery of oxygen and nutrients via arteries • Wastes must be removed via veins

  17. Skeletal Muscle: Attachments • Muscles attach: • Directly – epimysium of the muscle is fused to the periosteum of a bone 2. Indirectly – connective tissue wrappings extend beyond the muscle as a tendon or aponeurosis

  18. Learn the muscles!

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