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Forage Management Unit for Adults

Forage Management Unit for Adults. Lesson 3: Renovation and Maintenance of Forages. Direction and Purpose to:. Understand which forage crops are compatible Become familiar with advantages and disadvantages of various crops

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Forage Management Unit for Adults

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  1. Forage Management Unit for Adults Lesson 3: Renovation and Maintenance of Forages

  2. Direction and Purpose to: • Understand which forage crops are compatible • Become familiar with advantages and disadvantages of various crops • Realize various equipment needs for forage renovation and maintenance

  3. Renovation of Hay and Pasture Fields • Evaluate Current Vegetation

  4. Site Evaluation (wide angle)

  5. Site Evaluation(intermediate angle)

  6. Site Evaluation(close-up angle)

  7. Renovation of Hay and Pasture Fields (continued) • Repair • Replant • Incorporate Legumes into Grass Sod • Evaluate Current Vegetation

  8. Equipment Utilized in Renovation • Pasture Renovator aerates soil and breaks up root-bound plants and thatch • Harrow Breaks up thatch and manure piles

  9. continued… • Brush cutter Cuts up brush Clips plants to uniform height Proper timing helps with weed control

  10. continued… • Roller Pushes rocks into ground for smoother field surface for later cutting • Sickle Mower Clips weeds and pasture to uniform height

  11. Methods of Interseeding • Renovation seeder • Conventional corn/soybean planters • No-till • Frost seeding • Broadcasting

  12. Considerations for Seeding Mixtures • Compatibility of forages • Warm-season vs. Cool-season • Perennials vs. Annuals • Legumes vs. Grasses

  13. Pest Control Methods • Biological Control • Friendly Competitors and/or Predators can help eliminate problems • Cultural Control • Timing and location may prevent problems

  14. Pest Control Methods (continued) • Mechanical Control • Brushcutting & digging thistles fit here. • Chemical Control • Sometimes “quick and easy” but not always a long term fix to the problem. *No matter what type of pest… Beware of pesticide resistance

  15. Controlling Weed Pests • Various areas to be concerned with: Grass pastures Hayfields Fence rows Livestock consumption Legume crops

  16. Some of the Toughest Weed Pests Are… • Eastern Redcedar • Musk Thistle • Johnsongrass • Bindweed

  17. Controlling Insect Pests • Some insect pests • Grasshopper • Blister Beetle • Alfalfa Aphid • Alfalfa Weevil • Armyworm (Moth)

  18. Controlling Disease Pests • Some diseases affecting forage crops: • Sclerotinia Crown Rot • Stem Rot • Tall Fescue Endophyte • Nutrient Deficiency Diseases

  19. Pasture Fertilization • Taking Proper Soil Tests are the only way to know what you have • Use fertilizing recommendations

  20. Alternatives to Commercial Fertilization • Animal manure as fertilizer • Food processing plant waste • Broiler/Poultry litter

  21. Conclusions • Understand methods of renovating fields by interseeding and equipment usage • Understand methods of controlling weed, insect, and disease pests • Understand fertilizing principles • Be aware of commercial fertilizer alternatives

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