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Political Cartoon

Political Cartoon. Who is the person? What is: in his left hand? on his head? he standing on? What does it all mean?. The Age of Andrew Jackson. Hero or Villain?. Early History. Born: 1767 , to Irish immigrants - father died before he was born

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Political Cartoon

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  1. Political Cartoon • Who is the person? • What is: in his left hand? • on his head? • he standing on? • What does it all mean?

  2. The Age of Andrew Jackson Hero or Villain?

  3. Early History • Born: 1767, to Irish immigrants - father died before he was born • Captured by British - mistreatment and small pox • Orphan at 14 • Lived on the Frontier • Studied law • Became a teacher, lawyer, judge, Senator, and land dealer

  4. Public Life - Military Earned the nickname “Old Hickory” - marched men back • Indian Fighter • Victories in Creek War and Seminole War • Battle of Horseshoe Bend • Devastating for Native Americans - “Sharp Knife” • Treaty of Fort Jackson- Millions of Acres of Land Ceded • Victory at New Orleans = National Hero

  5. Early Public Life - Politics • Election of 1824 • “The Corrupt Bargain” • J.Q. Adams and Henry Clay • Elected President in 1828 • Inaugural - Rowdy • Democracy for the “CommonMan” • Increased Participation in government - loosened restriction for right to vote

  6. Politics - The Spoils System • Jackson rewarded his supporters with government jobs (not a new thing but…) • Was criticized that people were unqualified • Created his “KitchenCabinet” - unofficial advisors to make up for unqualified Cabinet

  7. Politics - Native American Removal • Jackson’s IndianRemoval Act of 1830 • Cherokees take their case to the Supreme Court to defend their land - Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) and Worcesterv.Georgia (1832) • Jackson refused to enforce the Supreme Court’s decision in Worcester - “John Marshall has made his decision…now let him enforce it!”

  8. Trail of Tears • 1838 - Approximately 16,000 Cherokees forced to move • Over 2,200 miles traveled • Over 4,000 dead by the end of the journey

  9. For: It helped business It kept federal money safe It issued a stable currency It created confidence in U.S. banks Against: It hurt farmers and small merchants It restricted state banks It helped the wealthy It caused the economic crisis of 1819 Arguments for and against the National Bank

  10. Politics - National Bank • Jackson felt the bank was unconstitutional and favored the wealthy at the expense of the common man • Henry Clay and Daniel Webster tried to make it an issue in the 1832 election - but most voters supported Jackson’s veto and Clay lost badly • When Jackson vetoed it, he gained popularity with the common people

  11. National Bank Continued • Jackson removes federal deposits from the bank in 1833 in an attempt to crush it • Congressional election in 1834 - Whigs run against policies of “King Andrew I” - they lose • Results of destruction of National Bank - a financial crisis - Jackson requires debts to be paid in gold or silver - not paper = panic of 1837 under Van Buren

  12. Politics - Nullification Crisis • 1828 = Tariff of Abominations was passed • Same old story - states rights v. federal, southern agriculture v. northern manufacturing • Vice President John C. Calhoun (Southerner) believed states had the right to nullify the tariff • Jackson disagreed so Calhoun resigned • SouthCarolina threatened to Secede from the Union - (won’t be the last time) • Jackson will maintain the Union through force if necessary - Clay comes to the rescue with a compromise (not the first or last time) that will lower the tariff gradually

  13. Important Points of Jackson’s Presidency • Increased Participation in Government Jacksonian Democracy = “government for the Common Man” • The “Spoils System” = Jackson appointed political supporters to government jobs • Veto of the National Bank - Jackson believed it was Unconstitutional, and helped the wealthy while hurting the common man, and only states had right to charter banks (10th Amendment) • Refusal to enforce Supreme Court’s decision • Policy of Native American Removal - Trail of Tears

  14. So, Hero or Villain? • Hero • Hero of N.O. = strong national pride • Freer democracy = government represents more people • Westward expansion • Villain • Refusal to follow rules = Supreme Court defied • Indian removal = Trail of Tears

  15. Quiz: Chapter 6 Write the answers to this quiz on page 76 in your notebook. Number your paper 1 to 10.

  16. Quiz: • Define Suffrage.

  17. Quiz: 2. Define Spoils System.

  18. Quiz: 3. Define Nullification.

  19. Quiz: 4. Explain how Florida became part of America.

  20. Quiz: 5. Summarize the three main points of the Monroe Doctrine.

  21. Quiz: 6. Why did Americans want Native Americans to move West?

  22. Quiz: 7. Did the Supreme court rule for or against the Cherokee and how did Jackson react?

  23. Quiz: 8. Describe the Trail of Tears.

  24. Quiz: 9. What state wanted to nullify the Tariff?

  25. Quiz: 10. Why did the South hate the Tariff so much?

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