ICANN

1. ICANN The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers M. Stuart Lynn President and CEO TWNIC July 16, 2001

2. Overview • ICANN: background and role • Future of the Internet • ICANN: status, issues and progress • Involvement

3. The Internet Domain Name System (DNS) • Started as a simple memory aid • Map easy to remember names into IP addresses • Example.com ---> 128.9.176.32 • Domain name --> IP address • Handled by late Jon Postel under contract to USG • Internet “commercialized” in 1994/5 • Worldwide Web • Domain names became important • Free ---> Pay • Identifier ---> Identity (e,g, www.ibm.com) • Cybersquatting and trademarks • Became “too hot to handle” by one person • Led to the formation of ICANN

4. ICANN • Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers • Founded in 1998 • Following global community input via Green Paper/White Paper • Memorandum of Understanding with U.S. Department of Commerce • Coordinates global policy relating to assignment of: • Internet domain names • the Domain Name System (DNS) • Numerical IP addresses • Other technical numbers • Coordinates DNS Root Server System • Acting through Root Server System Advisory Committee • And more

5. ICANN Principles (MOU) • Ensure Internet stability • Promote competition • Private, bottom-up coordination • Broad representation • Global diversity • Stakeholders and constituencies

6. ICANN • An exercise in technical self-management by the global Internet community • ICANN = • Internationalization of policy functions plus • Private sector management • A global partnership • ICANN’s policy roles are limited • ICANN does not run the Internet! • Some regulation via contract management

7. ICANN Roles • Technical policy coordination • Other areas implied by four MOU principles including • Orderly introduction of new top level domains • Orderly delegation of authorities • To gTLDs, ccTLDs, countries • Promotion of orderly competition • Registries, registrars • From 1 registrar to 80 active registrars for gTLDs • Halved average price • New gTLD registries • Protection for Intellectual Property

8. ICANN Organization Technologies Names Numbers

9. Overall Goals • Effective stewardship of global policy • Governed by 4 principles • International and representative • Bottom-up • Guardian of stability

10. Future of the Internet

11. More and better of the same IP telephony Mobile IP The wireless Internet Cell phones with imbedded radios, cameras etc IP everywhere From picture frames to wristwatches Information appliances Multimedia MPEG to MP3 Other “killer” applications? Driving Forces

12. Constraints • Infrastructure • Sufficient bandwidth “everywhere” • Wired and wireless • Key technologies • Sufficient IP address space • A stable DNS • Evolving • Policy issues • ICANN and not

13. ICANN: Status, Issues, and Progress

14. IANA Services Emerging RIR’s LACNIC, AFRINIC Emerging RIR document Root server architecture Distribution master InterNIC Now at ICANN E164.arpa IETF/ITU ENUM IPv6 Technical Issues

15. IP Address Space • IPv4 “runs out” when? • 2004 - 2010 • NAT’s etc not a panacea • IPv6 moving forward? • 32-bit --> 128-bit addressing • 4 x 109 nodes --> 340 x 1027 • 18 billion billion network addresses each containing 4 billion nodes and more • RFC1972 in 1994 • Lack of real experience • Some work to be done e.g., mobile, DNS support • Production support starting to roll • Scaling and upgrading problems • Business case?

16. The DNS: Progress and Issues • New TLDs • 2 agreements signed: .info and .bus • 1 posted awaiting board approval: .names • 4 in progress • 1 unsponsored: .pro • 3 sponsored: .museum, .aero, .coop • More TLDs? • Evaluation of “proof of concept” • Board appoints committee to plan evaluation • Do we need more? When? What? • Alternate roots • Lynn paper posted as ICP-3 • http://www.icann.org/icp/icp-3-background/lynn-statement-09jul01.htm • Other documents

17. The DNS: Progress and Issues (continued) • IP issues • UDRP review (DNSO) • WIPO-2 • WhoIs vs privacy • Sunrise etc • Lotteries etc • Internationalized Domain Names • Global vs local solutions • Server side vs client side • Evolution of interface “standard” • Design group and DUDE-2 • Testbeds

18. Other Policy Issues • How should ICANN be governed? • At Large Study Committee • Paper posted • Interaction with overall ICANN structure • Related issues • ccTLDs • DNSO • Redelegation issues • Competition model • How much “regulation” is enough/too much?

19. Status of Agreements • TLDs • Unsponsored (2/1/1) • Sponsored: template imminent • Root server operator agreements • RSSAC meeting, London, August • Address registry agreements • Resolve remaining issues end of July? • ccTLD agreements • Trilateral draft within 3 weeks • New counsel for international affairs starts August 1 • Theresa Swinehart • Building up capacity for 5 agreements per month

20. Budget and Staffing • 2001-2002 budget approved • 10% growth in operating budget • Approved growth in staffing • International support • Technical support • Communications and legal • New approach to ccTLD funding support • Voluntary contribution if no agreement • Over $850,000 pledged against goal of $1.3 million for 2000-2001 • Our thanks to TWNIC! • Requests for 2001-2002 to be sent around November

21. Involvement

22. Involvement • ICANN can only be as good as the people who get involved with its policies and processes • What ICANN does will affect you • We need your help!

23. ICANN www.icann.org M. Stuart Lynn lynn@icann.org

24. The DNS Hierarchy Root Top Level Domains Second Level Domains Third Level Domains Global Top Level Domains gTLDs Country Code Top Level Domains ccTLDs Users register domain names in registries (e.g., .com) using registrars (e.g., register.com) as their agents

25. Domain Name Resolver .tw Registry ..com.tw Registry The DNS System Root Server Root Zone File ICANN USER ISP REGISTRIES IP Address of .tw Registry IP Address of .com.tw Registry abc.com.tw?? IP Address of .abc.com.tw