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實驗 3: 示波器操作 ( 課本實驗 17)

實驗 3: 示波器操作 ( 課本實驗 17). 目的 : 瞭解示波器 (oscilloscope) 之基本原理及操作 原理 : 詳 見 [ 電子受靜電力及磁力作用的偏折 ] 實驗 示波器：僅次於三用電表最重要的電子儀表之一 示波器的基本構造例：示波器 Kenwood CS-4135A ( 見操作手冊 ). 信號觸發控制 Trigger Control for Time Base. Time Base. Power part. Y1 channel. Y2 channel. 示波器 Kenwood CS-4135A.

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實驗 3: 示波器操作 ( 課本實驗 17)

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  1. 實驗3: 示波器操作 (課本實驗17) 目的: 瞭解示波器(oscilloscope)之基本原理及操作 原理: 詳見[電子受靜電力及磁力作用的偏折]實驗 示波器：僅次於三用電表最重要的電子儀表之一 示波器的基本構造例：示波器 Kenwood CS-4135A (見操作手冊)

  2. 信號觸發控制Trigger Control for Time Base Time Base Power part Y1 channel Y2 channel

  3. 示波器 Kenwood CS-4135A

  4. 示波器: Kenwood CS-4135A

  5. 前面板Power part 之控制鈕 電源及指示燈(power)：保護儀器,注意安全 校正(probe adjust)：方波 f = 1 kHz, Vp-p = 2Vm = 1 V 軌跡旋轉(trace rotation) :去除附近磁場/地磁影響 聚焦(focus)：聚焦陽極 強度(intensity)：加速陽極 BNC型接地端(ground, GND)：去除靜電,避免火花放電 (保護儀器,注意安全) 1 2 3 4 5 6

  6. 2. 垂直(vertical, Y-軸)控制 • Y-Channel 1 • 軌跡位置(position)垂直位置 • 靈敏度(sensitivity/volts)信號放大及衰減 • 可變/校正控制(variable/cal)：轉到校正(cal)位置, 靈敏度範圍: 1 mV/格 – 5 V/格 • 輸入模式(ac-GND-dc)： ac: alternating coupling (交流) • GND: no signal (校正基線) • dc: direct coupling (交流+直流) • 輸入(input)：BNC型插座 Y1 channel /Y2 channel  Two channels

  7. 時基掃瞄控制(Time-base scan) 3.時基(T)掃描 (X無輸入) 觸發水平/斜率(trig level/slope) (27,28): 穩定波形 (+/0) 觸發耦合(trig coupling): ac 觸發源(trig source) (22) ch 1: Y 內源 (觸發鋸齒波掃描) ch 2: X line (電源觸發) ext (外源觸發) (接29) 觸發模式(trig mode) (25) auto (自動觸發) norm (正常) X – Y 可變/校正控制(variable/cal) (32) 轉到校正(cal)位置, 靈敏度範圍: 0.2 ms/格 – 0.5 s/格 掃描時間(sweep time) (31)信號放大及衰減 軌跡位置(position) (17)水平位置

  8. 示波器方塊圖(block diagram) -以National VP-5107T為例 電壓信號測量電路Y 信號顯示器CRT 時基掃瞄 電路X/T 電源電路/Z 校正電路(calibrator)

  9. 交流信號產生器(signal generator) - Kenwood AG-203D Kenwood AG-203D (見操作手冊) 電源(power) (4,5)(保護儀器) 輸出衰減(attenuation): 0 - -50 dB 6個衰減級距 (9) 0 dB = 1, -10 dB = 10-1 -20 dB = 10-2, -30 dB = 10-3 -40 dB = 10-4, -50 dB = 10-5 信號輸出(output) (8) 波型(wave form): 正弦波,方波 (7) 頻率(frequency): 10 Hz – 1 MHz 5個頻率級距(range) (1,2,3,6) x1 (10-100 Hz), x10, x100 x1k, x10k (100 kHz – 1 MHz) 振幅(amplitude): 連續調整(10)

  10. 實驗步驟: 1. 基本操作熟悉 2. 檢查放大器靈敏度及校正 3. 檢查時基靈敏度及校正 4. X-Y操作：X,Y輸入正弦信號，觀察合成波形Vx + Vy 5. 頻率(f)測量：Y 輸入正弦信號 Vy(t) = Vmsin(2pf.t)

  11. DVD: 磁場 (The Magnetic Field)(The Mechanical Universe…and Beyond/MU35) [Annenberg/CPB/www.learner.org] Magnetic field for a long, straight conducting wire with current I B = (m0I/2pr) j (tesla T) permeability constant (磁透常數) m0 = 4p x 10-7 T.m/A (H/m) Ampere’s law (安培定律) around a closed loop closed loop B.dl = m0I (I: total net current) Time-independent constant E and B (不隨時變常場) FE = closed surfaceE.dA = Q/e0(Gauss’s law) FB= closed surfaceB.dA = 0 (no magnetic monopole) closed loopB.dl = m0I (Ampere’s law for constant E) closed loop E.dl = 0 (Faraday’s law for constant B) Maxwell’s equations (time-dependent E and B)

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