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ECE5320 Mechatronics Assignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Muscle Wire

ECE5320 Mechatronics Assignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Muscle Wire. Prepared by: Nate Higbee Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University. 3/10/2006. Outline . Reference list To probe further What is Muscle Wire Major applications

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ECE5320 Mechatronics Assignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Muscle Wire

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  1. ECE5320 MechatronicsAssignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Muscle Wire Prepared by: Nate Higbee Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University 3/10/2006

  2. Outline • Reference list • To probe further • What is Muscle Wire • Major applications • Basic working principle illustrated • A typical sample configuration in application (application notes) • Major specifications ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  3. Outline (cont) • Advantages • Limitations • And many more relevant issues in applications (such as, how to choose, cost information, where to buy etc.) ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  4. Reference list • www.mondotronics.com • www.robotstore.com • Muscle Wires Project Book ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  5. To explore further (survival pointers of web references etc) • Google Search • Lots of companies selling robotic items ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  6. What is muscle wire? • Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) • Nickel-Titanium • When heated by something like electric current, the wire contracts. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  7. Major applications • Robotics • Animated Floral Arrangements • Arterial Stents • Cell phone antennas (flexibility, not actuator) • Orthodontics (flexibility, not actuator) • Eyeglasses (flexibility, not actuator) ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  8. Basic Working Principle • When created the wire is set in a specific shape and heated. This sets the “memory” of the metal to that specific shape. When at room temperature the material is “relaxed” and can be stretched. When heated, by electric current for example, the wire returns to its shorter “memorized” state or shape. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  9. Typical Configuration ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  10. Major Specifications • Physical - Wire Diameter - Minimum Bend Radius - Cross-sectional Area • Electrical - Linear Resistance - Recommended Current - Recommended Power ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  11. Major Specifications (cont) • Strength - Max Recovery Weight - Recommended Recovery Weight - Recommended Deformation Weight • Speed - Typical Contraction Speed - Relaxation Speed - Cycle Rate ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  12. Major Specifications (cont) • Thermal - Activation Start Temp - Activation Finish Temp - Relaxation Start Temp - Relaxation Finish Temp - Annealing Temp - Melting Temp - Specific Heat - Heat Capacity - Latent Heat ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  13. Major Specifications (cont) • Material - Density - Maximum Recovery Force - Recommended Deformation Force - Breaking Strength - Poisson’s Ratio - Work Output - Energy Conversion Efficiency - Maximum Deformation Ratio - Recommended Deformation Ratio ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  14. Major Specifications (cont) • Phase Related - Resistivity - Young’s Modulus - Magnetic Susceptibility - Thermal Conductivity ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  15. Advantages • Small Size • Light Weight • Low Power • High strength-to-weight ratio • Precise Control • AC-DC Activation • Low Magnetism • Long Life • Linear Action ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  16. Limits • Actuation dependant on heat – the temperature of the environment can adversely affect performance. • Temperature – Muscle wires cannot be overheated • Speed – Muscle wires contract and relax only as fast as they can be heated and cooled. • Stress – Muscle wires cannot be overstressed ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  17. Limits (cont) • Range – Muscle wires cannot reliably contract more than 5% of their length. • Lifetime – Muscle wires will eventually wear out, depending on the load. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  18. How to Choose • Choose based on force, speed, and temperature requirements. • It is useful to consider all the parameters listed under “Major Specifications” ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  19. Where to buy • Mondotronics • Jameco ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  20. Cost • Dependant on quantity and diameter: Flexinol 025 LT 1 meter $24.95 Flexinol 150 LT 1 meter $16.95 Flexinol 375 LT 1 meter $22.95 ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

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