Availability of data for climate change impact indicators 4 EIONET WORKSHOP 1 July 2010, Brussels

1. Availability of data for climate change impact indicators4 EIONET WORKSHOP1 July 2010, Brussels Maria Khovanskaya Climate Change Topic Area Regional Environmental Center for Cenral and Eastern Europe

2. Outline • Report “Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicator-based assessment”EEA/JRC/WHO – 9 categories, 40 indicators • (potential cooperation with the data center) • SEE region – choice of indicators • Institutional set-up to collect meteorological and hydrological data within the NMHS of the SEE countries • Technical capacities to collect meteorological and hydrological data within the NMHS of the SEE countries • Quality of data, availability of data, accessibility of data • Biodiversity data – long story: availability of data • Conclusions

3. “Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicator-based assessment”EEA/JRC/WHO • Reasons for the choice of indicators (as in the report): existence of time series and accessibility • Categories of cc-impact indicators: • Atmosphere and climate • Cryoshere • Coast and Marine • Water Quantity: river floods and droughts • Freshwater quality and biodiversity • Terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity • Soils • Agriculture and forestry • Human health • Economic consequences of climate change

4. Choice of indicators of data search:availability and relevance • Atmosphere and climate • Temperature • Precipitation • Temperature extremes • Precipitation extremes • Storms and storm surges • Air pollution by ozon • Water quantity: river floods and droughts • River flow • River floods • River flow droughts • Freshwater quality and biodiversity • Water temperature • River and lakes ice cover • Fresh water quality and biodiversity • Terrestrial Ecosystems and biodiversity • Distribution of plant and animal species • Phenology of plant and animal species

5. Institutional set up for observations • Albania: Institute of Energy, Water and Environment (former Hydro-Meteorological Institute merged together with the other institutions) • Bosnia and Herzegovina: two services – in Republic of Srpska and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina • Croatia: Meteorological and Hydrological Service of Croatia (MHSC) • FYR Macedonia; Hydro-meteorological Institute • Montenegro; Hydrometeorological Service • Serbia: Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Serbia • Private companies for making observations and weather forecasts in the aviation sector

6. Technical Capacities for observations • Albania • 128 meteorological (4 stations are automatic) • 102 hydrological stations • 11 air quality stations located at the meteorological stations • 43 water quality sampling points at rivers, lakes and coastal area • Bosnia and Herzegovina • 16+16 general synoptic stations are divided equally (between Republic Srpska and the Federation of BiH. 5 are fully automatic • There are also 19 climatological stations • 26 precipitation points • Montenegro • 8 main synoptic stations • 20 climatological stations • 50 precipitation points

7. Technical Capacities for observations • MACEDONIA • 14 main meteorological stations, • 19 regular climatological stations • 26 phenological stations • 1 aerological station, 6 hail suppression centres • 200 precipitation stations • 68 active gauging stations o monitor the surface water discharge and level • 115 measuring points to monitor the ground water. Unfortunately, due to the budget restrictions the monitoring of ground water has been stopped. • 19 stations are used to monitor air quality. • The Republic Health Institute: 15 water quality and 20 air quality measuring points • Hydrobiological Institute: microbiological safety of the lake Ochrid

8. Technical Capacities for observations (cont.) • 5. Serbia • 28 surface synoptic stations running hourly observations • 1 upper-air (radio sounding) meteorological station • 13 meteorological radar centres • 90 regular climatological stations • 35 regular agrometeorological stations • 650 precipitation points • 52 phenological stations • 26 stations for monitoring air pollutions • 188 regular stations to monitor surface water • 398 ground water stations • 159 stations for surface water quality

9. Technical Capacities for observations (cont.) • Croatia • 40 man-operated synoptic stations • 32 fully automatic stations • 337 precipitation points, 114 climatological stations • 3 weather radars • 2 upper-air stations

10. Data quality, availability and accessibility • Data quality • Many man-operated stations • Lack of satellite coverage • ”Black holes” in data series due to social events • Availability of “raw” and time series • Serbian automatic stations translate “raw’ data on line • Albania does not have a web-site for the IEWE a all • Others – aggregated data for the current day • Literature: proof of existence of the aggregated data • Accessibility • International cooperation; all the countries are the members of WMO and GCOS. NB! Quality • Only Serbia and Croatia are members of EUMETNET • Crotia: possibility to purchase time series of the agregated data on-line • Other SEE countries: difficulties for a researcher

11. Biodiversity data:Arial of species’ distribution and phenology phases

12. Capacity building needs – most urgent • 1. Improving access to and the collection, management, exchange and use of observation data and other relevant information on the current and historical climate and its impacts in SEE. • 2. Modernising national hydrometeorological services in SEE countries. • 3. 3. Developing and applying methodologies for impact and vulnerability assessment and integrating them into socioeconomic scenarios. • 4. 5. Training experts • 6. Preparing coherent and comprehensive action plans, strategies and programmes on the local, regional, national and transnational levels. • 7. Preparing legislation and methodological guidelines on the integration of adaptation issues in long-term planning. • 8. Raising awareness among all stakeholders of climate change and the need for adaptation.

13. Thank you for your attention www.rec.org