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Dairy Cattle

Dairy Cattle. Introduction. Unit Map Set Up. Unit name: Dairy Cattle Industry Unit Essential Question: How does the dairy industry operate?. Lesson Essential Question. What is the dairy industry?. Warm-up . What do you think of when you see this?. Dairy Cattle Industry.

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Dairy Cattle

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  1. Dairy Cattle Introduction

  2. Unit Map Set Up • Unit name: Dairy Cattle Industry • Unit Essential Question: How does the dairy industry operate?

  3. Lesson Essential Question • What is the dairy industry?

  4. Warm-up • What do you think of when you see this?

  5. Dairy Cattle Industry • Most difficult to manage • High producing dairy cows bred to give large amounts of milk that can overwhelm the animal without proper management • Value of dairy products exceeded $37 billion nationally • Most labor intensive • Milking 2-3 times a day, 7 days a week

  6. Dairy Cattle Industry • Consumer demand lower fat diets • Food scientists respond with specialty items • Ex: Fat-free yogurt, cream cheese, and frozen dairy deserts

  7. Dairy Cattle Industry • Rank in Production- top 5 • California • Wisconsin • New York • Pennsylvania • Idaho

  8. Dairy Cattle Industry • Fewer dairy farms own more cows= more milk per farm

  9. Dairy Cattle Industry

  10. Dairy Cattle Industry • 2008- 70,000 operational dairy farms • 40 years ago- 2 million dairy farms • # of farm declines, but pounds of milk increased by 20,000 pounds per cow • What does this mean? • How is this possible?

  11. Dairy Cattle Industry • 2009- 9.2 million dairy cows in the US produced over 185 billion pounds of milk worth over $37 billion • US leads the world in milk production per cow and in total milk production

  12. Exit Question • Why are there more cows on less farms now then in the past?

  13. Learn about what you eat! • Read the articles and answer the questions in your packet on a separate sheet of paper. Staple it to the back when finished. Use complete sentences. • Return packets

  14. Dairy Cattle Breeds

  15. Warm-up • What kind of milk do these cows make?

  16. Lesson Essential Question How do Dairy breeds differ?

  17. Holstein • Dominate the industry • Well over 90% of the dairy cattle in the US • Officially known as Holstein-Fresians • From Netherlands and Northern Germany • Arrived in US in mid-1800s • Since 1970- genetic progress due to rigorous selection • Total solids % are lower • Mature Holstein weighs 1500 to 1750 pounds

  18. Holstein

  19. Jersey • Weigh about 1000 pounds • Developed on the island of Jersey, off the coast of France • First imported early 1800s • Coat color ranges from light tan to almost black • 2008 registrations- 94,774 (2nd in popularity) • Ability to efficiently convert feed to milk • Lower body maintenance needs • Amount of milk lower • Total solids %- highest of all breeds

  20. Jersey

  21. Brown Swiss • 3rd most popular • Registrations totaled 10,824 in 2008 • Originated Switzerland • Came to US in mid-1800s • Normally brown to gray • Similar to Holsteins in size • Known for ability to produce milk in hot climates • 2nd in milk production • Total solids % in middle of all breeds

  22. Brown Swiss

  23. Ayrshire • Smaller breeds (mature weight 1200 lbs) • 4,763 registrations in 2008 • Red and white • Imported early 1800s • Milk production midway of all breeds • Total solids % low • Originated Ayr district of Scotland

  24. Ayrshire

  25. Guernsey • Developed Island of Guernsey (coast of France) • Imported early 1800s • Medium sized red and white breed • Larger then Jerseys • Mature weight- 1100 lbs • Produce more milk than Jerseys • Golden Guernsey milk lower in total solids then Jersey milk • Deep yellow/golden milk due to beta carotene (precursor to vitamin A) • 5,101 registrations in 2008

  26. Guernsey

  27. Milking Shorthorn • 3,150 in 2008 • Originated from base stock of beef shorthorns and may be red, white, red and white or roan.

  28. Milking Shorthorn

  29. Red and White • Open herd • Most genetically based in red mutation of the Holstein • 4,020 in 2008

  30. Red and White

  31. ID Quiz : Piece of paper, Tell the breeds 2. 1. 4. 5. 3.

  32. Activity • Students will be given a packet on how to judge dairy cattle. They will answer the questions and then judge the pictures they are given.

  33. Dairy Cattle Milking

  34. Warm-up How much milk do we get from a cow per day? 8-35 liters per day 2.11 to 9.25 gallons

  35. Lesson Essential Question How do you milk a cow?

  36. Milking Parlors • Read the article about common types. • Answer the questions in the Dairy packet about the types of milking parlors.

  37. Milking Cows are milked 2 times a day, some 3 times Fill in organizer as we go

  38. The Milking Process 1. At milking time, wash the teats, wear gloves Disinfecting the teats and triggers the release of oxytocin, which initiates milk let-down

  39. The Milking Process

  40. The Milking Process 2. Teats are then dried with individual paper towels

  41. The Milking Process

  42. The Milking Process 3. One inflation of the claw of the milking machine is placed on each teat or quarter

  43. The Milking Process

  44. The Milking Process 4. Vacuum applied to inflation, which draws the milk from the udder

  45. The Milking Process

  46. The Milking Process 5. When milk stops, vacuum is removed

  47. The Milking Process 6. Each teat is then dipped in Iodine to prevent bacterial invasion Total time: 7 minutes

  48. The Milking Process

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