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Psychology 307: Cultural Psychology Lecture 8

Psychology 307: Cultural Psychology Lecture 8. Scoring Your Questionnaire: IISS. In order to score your questionnaire, you must compute 2 scores. Score 1: Sum of odd-numbered items Score 2: Sum of even-numbered items. Values.

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Psychology 307: Cultural Psychology Lecture 8

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  1. Psychology 307: Cultural PsychologyLecture 8

  2. Scoring Your Questionnaire: IISS In order to score your questionnaire, you must compute 2 scores. Score 1: Sum of odd-numbered items Score 2: Sum of even-numbered items

  3. Values • What are the major value dimensions on which cultural groups vary?

  4. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to: 1. define the value dimensions identified by Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck, Hofstede and Schwartz. 2. identify Canada’s rankings on Hofstede’s value dimensions.

  5. What are the major value dimensions on which cultural groups vary? • Schwartz and Bilsky (1987) generated the following definition of “values”: “Values (a) are concepts or beliefs, (b) pertain to desirable end states or behaviors, (c) transcend specific situations, (d) guide selection or evaluation of behavior and events, and (e) are ordered by relative importance.”

  6. A number of studies have examined the major value dimensions on which cultures vary. These include: (a) Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck (1973; see also Carter, 1991; Russo, 2000): • Examined values among members of diverse cultural groups within the U.S. (e.g., Hispanics, Mormons, Navaho Indians, Texans). • Identified 5 value dimensions on which these cultural groups varied:

  7. Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s Value Dimensions

  8. Value Orientations of U.S. Cultural Groups (Ho, 1997)

  9. (b) Hofstede (1980, 2001, 2010): • Examined values among IBM employees in 50 countries (e.g., Canada, China, Columbia, Germany, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, New Zealand, Poland, Uruguay, U.S., West Africa). • Early research identified 4 value dimensions on which these cultural groups varied: Power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and individualism.

  10. Countries High and Low on Hofstede’sValue Dimensions

  11. Canada’s Scores on Hofstede’sValue Dimensions

  12. (c) Schwartz (1999, 2011): • Examined values among individuals in 49 countries (e.g., Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Poland, Singapore, Thailand, Turkey, United States, Zimbabwe). • Identified 3 value dimensions on which these cultural groups varied: Mastery vs. harmony, hierarchy vs. egalitarianism, and conservatism vs. autonomy.

  13. Values • What are the major value dimensions on which cultural groups vary?

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