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Latin Basics: Nouns, Verbs, and Pronunciation Guide

Learn the fundamentals of Latin including declensions, conjugations, and pronunciation tips for better understanding. Discover the importance of nouns in Latin, along with gender, number, and case distinctions. Enhance your knowledge of verbs, including person, number, and tense variations. Master Latin syllable pronunciation and common words. Prepare to impress with your Latin skills and boost your academics with ACT and SAT preparation.

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Latin Basics: Nouns, Verbs, and Pronunciation Guide

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Pre- Chapter 1 What you are getting into

  2. Why do you take Latin? • To impress others • ACT, SAT • To learn about the past • Help with all other classes

  3. Inflection, declension, conjugation • Inflection is the endings of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and verbs • Declension: endings of nouns, pronouns, adjectives • Conjugation: endings of verbs

  4. What to know about nouns • Declensions are the endings: 5 • Gender • Number • case

  5. Gender • Gender is the sex of the word • Masculine, feminine, and neuter • But in Latin: many neuter nouns are actually feminine and masculine

  6. Number • Number is either singular or plural

  7. Case • The role of the word in the sentence • Nominative: subject: The boy runs • Vocative: direct address: Marcus, get up • Genitive: Possession: the girl’s dog is pretty • Dative: Indirect object: he gave a dog to the girl • Accusative: direct object: he gave a dog to the girl • Ablative: the end all:

  8. Thus when you see a Latin noun • Parse a noun is: gender, number, case or GNC • Puella: F, S, N

  9. Verbs contain: person, number, tense • Person: 1st: I, we, 2nd: you, 3rd: he, she, it, they • Number: singular plural • Tense: Present, Past (perfect, imperfect, pluperfect, Future (future, future perfect) • Thus to parse is PNT • Amabat: 3 s Imp

  10. How do I say this stuff • Abcdefghi(j)lmnopqrstuvxyz • Vowels • Long Short a father a idea e obey e bet I machine I sit o note o omit u rule u put

  11. Dipthongs: vowels together • Ae as in aye • Au as in now • Eu as in ay-ooo one syllable • Oe as in joy • Ui as in ueee

  12. consonants • Bs ps • Bt pt • C always hard • Ch as in character • G is always hard • Gu as in anguish • I as consonant in youth • Ph as in philosophy • S never z • V is w • Z is dz

  13. Syllables • Each Latin word has as many syllables as vowels and dipthongs • Ae-di-fi-ci-um • Du-o-de-vi-gin-ti • Su-us

  14. Say these words correctly • Animal • Arena • Censor • Census • Clamor • Consul • Dictator • Furor • Genus • honor • Horror • Inventor • Labor • Minor • Omen • Peninsula • Status • Terror • Toga • Tutor • victor

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