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Comprehensive Overview of Gas-Liquid Flow Patterns in Pipes and Their Influence Factors

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This document explores various gas-liquid flow patterns, including Dispersed Bubble Flow, Stratified Flow, Plug Flow, and more. It discusses the effects of pipe inclination, co-current and counter-current flow dynamics, and the complexities of modeling these phenomena, particularly in three-phase flows. The text highlights critical parameters affecting flow behavior, such as pipe geometry, mass flow rates, and fluid properties. Additionally, it profiles the heat transfer and phase transition phenomena relevant to flow patterns. For detailed study, reference is made to resources like Thermopedia.

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Comprehensive Overview of Gas-Liquid Flow Patterns in Pipes and Their Influence Factors

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  1. Class 10 2012-04-10

  2. Horizontal gas-liquid flow patterns • Dispersed Bubble Flow • Stratified Flow • Stratified–Wavy Flow • Plug Flow • Slug Flow • Annular–Dispersed Flow Benjamin bubble

  3. B P/S C A WA Bubble Flow Plug or Slug Flow Churn Flow Annular Flow Wispy Annular Flow Links point to http://www.thermopedia.com/ Vertical gas-liquid flow patterns Taylor bubble

  4. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = +10°

  5. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = +2°

  6. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = +0.25°

  7. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = 0°

  8. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = −1°

  9. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = − 5°

  10. The effect of pipe inclination Θ = − 10°

  11. Relative flow directions • Co-current flow (as shown above) • Counter-current flows (one of the mass flow rates is negative): some of the flow patterns exist with opposite flow directions too • Somewhat analogous flow patterns can be identified in liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and gas-solid systems

  12. Even more complex flow patterns in three phase pipe flows • Flow classification is • somewhat arbitrary and subjective in pipes • hardly possible in 3D containers • Further points to observe: • Heat transfer phenomena • Phase transition phenomena

  13. Flow patterns • Flow regimes • Flow pattern maps • Tasks: • Model flow region boundaries • Model flow behaviour within each flow region Alternatively: • Create one fluid model that can correctly reflect fluid behaviour in all flow regimes and thus automatically describes flow pattern transitions

  14. Control (input) parameters: Pipe geometry shape size inclination wall roughness Mass flow rates Fluid properties External heat source Measured (output) parameters: Pressure drop Volume (void) fraction Interfacial area density Transported heat Parameters of two-phase pipe flow

  15. Control (input) parameters: Pipe geometry shape size inclination wall roughness Mass flow rate Fluid properties External heat source Measured (output) parameters: Pressure drop Transported heat Parameters of one-phase pipe flow

  16. Definitions and measurementsof void fraction • Local (time averaged) • Chordal • Cross sectional averaged • Volume averaged

  17. Class 11 2012-04-17

  18. Model variablesin single-phase pipe systems • Cross sectional integral quantities • linear densities • flow rates • Cross sectional average (‘mean`) quantities • ‘mean` densities • ‘mean` fluxes Purpose: reduction of independent variables: (t,x,y,z)  (t,x)

  19. Control (input) parameters: Pipe geometry shape size inclination wall roughness Mass flow rate Fluid properties External heat source Measured (output) parameters: Pressure drop Transported heat Parameters of one-phase pipe flow

  20. Control (input) parameters: Pipe geometry shape size inclination wall roughness Mass flow rates Fluid properties External heat source Measured (output) parameters: Pressure drop Volume (void) fraction Interfacial area density Transported heat Parameters of two-phase pipe flow

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