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Structure of Atoms

Structure of Atoms. Szymanski 8.5a. 8.5a Describe the structure of atoms. Atom : smallest unit of matter Even smaller than living cells 2 parts to an atom : Nucleus Electron Cloud Periodic Table and Atoms Each element has a unique atom There are 110 different types of atoms

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Structure of Atoms

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  1. Structure of Atoms Szymanski 8.5a

  2. 8.5a Describe the structure of atoms Atom: smallest unit of matter • Even smaller than living cells 2 parts to an atom: • Nucleus • Electron Cloud Periodic Table and Atoms • Each element has a unique atom • There are 110 different types of atoms • There are 110 elements on our periodic table

  3. Diagram of an atom

  4. The Atom’s Nucleus Protons • Positively charged + • 1 AMU • ID with P+ • The proton amount is the same as the atomic number Neutrons • No charge • 1 AMU • Amounts can change (subtract to find amount) Overall Charge of Nucleus: positive • Why? The protons give it the charge

  5. The Electron Cloud Electrons • Negatively charged – (minus sign) • Zero AMU; they are so small, they are not used to determine the mass • Move around the nucleus like bees around a hive • In most cases, the electron amount is the same as the proton amount • Overall Charge of Electron Cloud: Negative • Why? The electrons give it its charge APE Atomic Number is the same as Protons and Electrons

  6. Electrons: The difference between an electron and a valance electron Valence Electrons: The outermost layer of electrons Atoms have energy levels (orbitals) • We will be only using the first 4 • Start in the 1st level, then move outward • Must fill up the energy level before moving to the next level Szymanski Tip: Use the protons and the valence electrons to identify your atom. Even if you don’t know the protons, by looking at the electron’s energy levels, you can make an identification!

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