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Homework

Homework. MA #8 due tomorrow Test on the Middle Ages Thursday, May 1 (multiple choice and essay) Big Questions Research Assignment due Friday, May 16. . Aim: How did the Church gain so much power during the Middle Ages?. April 21, 2014. Church Struggle #1 .

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Homework

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  1. Homework • MA #8 due tomorrow • Test on the Middle Ages Thursday, May 1 (multiple choice and essay) • Big Questions Research Assignment due Friday, May 16.

  2. Aim: How did the Church gain so much power during the Middle Ages? April 21, 2014

  3. Church Struggle #1 Lay investiture: Emperors and kings have the right to appoint bishops Henry IV (Holy Roman Emperor in the late 1000s) – Supports lay investiture Pope Gregory VII (reformer Pope of the late 1000s) – Tries to ban lay investiture, wants Popes to have the right to appoint bishops.

  4. Reform Gregory excommunicates Henry IV! Concordat of Worms (1122): Compromise solution. Pope now gets to choose bishops, but the King/Emperor will give the bishops land to ensure their loyalty.

  5. Church Struggle #2 Selection of the Pope: For many centuries, the Pope is chosen by Italian nobles.

  6. Reform Establishment of the Cardinals: Group within the church that selects the Pope – takes the decision out of the hands of nobles or kings.

  7. Church Struggle #3 Corruption within the Church • Bishops are becoming more interested in wealth than in spiritual matters. • Clergymen are getting married • Simony: Practice of buying and selling church offices.

  8. Reform Rise of new religious/monastic orders that return to pure/spiritual intentions Cistercians, Franciscans, Dominicans: Live in simplicity and poverty, work and preach among the people, work actively to help the poor and convert people.

  9. Church Struggle #4 Heresy: Beliefs that are contrary to the teachings of the church Ex: Judaism, Islam, alternative Christian movements

  10. Reform • Inquisition: Courts that find, question, and punish heretics. If you did not confess you could face torture and execution. • Between 1100 - 1400s, Christians retake Spain (reconquista), use the Inquisition against the large Muslim and Jewish populations.

  11. Concluding Question • Which do you think was a more effective tool for the church in expanding its power: hope (represented by the new monastic orders) or fear (represented by the Inquisition)?

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