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CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY. 1/21/14. Get glue and scissors ready right now, please. Next available page: insert your new table of contents Title: CHEMISTRY Be ready for further instructions. I. What is an atom? Pg 3. Atoms are the basic unit of matter All matter is made up of tiny atoms

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CHEMISTRY

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  1. CHEMISTRY

  2. 1/21/14 • Get glue and scissors ready right now, please. • Next available page: insert your new table of contents Title: CHEMISTRY • Be ready for further instructions

  3. I. What is an atom? Pg 3 • Atoms are the basic unit of matter • All matter is made up of tiny atoms • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space • What are the 3 types of matter? • Solid, Liquid, and Gas

  4. What is an element? • An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom

  5. Atom Atoms are the building blocks of all matter Molecule Atom Subatomic O water H H

  6. Subatomic Particles

  7. II. Structure of an atom • There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom • Proton • Neutron • Electron • Can you label the protons, neutrons, and electrons on the atom above?

  8. III. Atomic Nucleus • The nucleus is a dense area at the center of the atom • Protonsand neutronsare found in the atomic nucleus

  9. p+ THE PROTON • Found in the nucleus • Heavy: 1 amu (atomic mass unit) • Positive: +1

  10. N° THE NEUTRON • Located in the nucleus. • Heavy: 1 amu • Neutral: 0 charge

  11. Nucleusis held together with nuclear energy Electron cloudis full of zipping electrons

  12. Outer Edge of Atom ½ Football Field End Zone Nucleus: heavy but tiny part of atom.Found in center of an atom and holds 2 important subatomic parts. Nucleus 50

  13. 1/22/14 pg 4 • What are the three parts of an atom and their charges?

  14. IV. Electrons • Electrons have a relatively small masscompared to protons and neutrons • It takes the mass of (roughly)1800 electrons to equal 1 proton or neutron

  15. e- THE ELECTRON • Found in the electron cloud • Very light: 0 amu • Negative: -1

  16. V. How small is an atom? • Atoms are TINY! • 20 million hydrogen atoms would fit inside the period at the end of this sentence. • You are made of billions and billions of atoms

  17. Neutrons Electrons p+  e- N° Protons Positive +1 Neutral 0 Negative -1

  18. P+ e- P+ P+ e- N0 e-

  19. Please complete the following table Electron Cloud Nucleus Nucleus Heavy Heavy Very Light Neutral  0 Negative  -1 Positive  +1

  20. VII. Review of Atomic Structure • What is the basic unit of matter? • Atom • What are the 3 subatomic particles? • Proton, Neutron, Electron • What’s the electrical charge of a proton? • Positive (+) • What’s the electrical charge of a neutron? • Neutral • What’s the electrical charge of an electron? • Negative (-)

  21. How to read an element pg 5 • How many protons? Look at: Atomic Number: The number of protons in an atom How many electrons? Atoms must have equal numbers of protons and electrons. (look at the atomic number) How many neutrons? Subtract atomic number from atomic mass

  22. Atomic mass: (Number of Protons) + (Number of Neutrons)

  23. - - Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom + + - + 0 0

  24. + + Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom 0 - - - 0 0 +

  25. - What is wrong with this Atom? + + 0 0 + 0 0 -

  26. Draw an atom CORRECTLY • 2 protons, 1 neutron, 2 electrons

  27. REVIEW • Proton: positive • Neutron: Neutral • Electron: Negative

  28. 1/29/14 IQ pg6 • Describe the where the mass of an atom comes from. Where is it located? What are the subatomic particles that make up the mass?

  29. ATOMIC CHARGES • Positive and positive repel (go away from) each other • Negative and negative repel each other • Positive and negative attract each other

  30. ION • Ion: Electrically charged particle produced by either removing or adding electrons from/to a neutral atom • When an ion is formed, the number of protons does not change.

  31. Positive Ion: When an atom has more protons than electrons, giving the atom a positive charge. One or more electrons are removed • Negative Ion: When an atom has more electrons than protons, giving the atom a negative charge. One or more electrons are added.

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