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S oybean adaptation in Chernobyl area ( what happen to soybean if something happen)

S oybean adaptation in Chernobyl area ( what happen to soybean if something happen) . Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science For The Future. Martin Hajduch, PhD. Because of the explosion of one of the four reactors of Chernobyl nuclear power plant on 26 April 1986…. Veda Pre Budúcnosť

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S oybean adaptation in Chernobyl area ( what happen to soybean if something happen)

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  1. Soybeanadaptation in Chernobyl area (what happen to soybean if something happen) Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture Martin Hajduch, PhD

  2. Because of the explosion of one of the four reactors of Chernobyl nuclear power plant on 26 April 1986… Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  3. De Cort et al., 1998 …40 % of Europe is polluted with 137Cs up to a level of 4 kBq/m2 Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  4. Goal To elucidate soybean adaptation in radio-contaminatedChernobyl area Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  5. Chernobyl plants are specific - the plants exposed to ionizing radiation are significantly hypermetylated - the progenies of Chernobyl plants resisted higher concentrations of mutagens - theChernobylthreesshowed 3-fold increase of mutations Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture Kuchma et al., (2011) Mutat Res., 725, 29-35 Kovalchuk I, et al (2004). Plant Physiol. 135:357-363. Kovalchuk O, et al. (2003). Mutat Res. 529:13-20

  6. Chernobyl fields Radio-contaminatedfield Non-radioactivefield 5 km Non-radioactivefield: 1414±71 Bq/kg of 137Cs and 550±55 Bq/kg of 90Sr Radio-contaminatedfield: 20650±1050 Bq/kg of 137Cs and 5180±550 Bq/kg of 90Sr

  7. Radio-contaminatedfield

  8. 137Cs 3290±86 Bq/kg Seeds First generation Second generation 137Cs 3600±144 Bq/kg Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture 137Cs 20650±1050 Bg/kg Chernobyl radioactive soil

  9. Soybeansgrown in Chernobyl First generation – mature seeds Controlfield Radioactive field A /mm/ 16 Control 14 Contaminated 12 10 Seedlength 8 6 Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture 4 2 0 /min/ 0 5 30 90 150 210 300 360 /mg/ /mm/ 250 10 200 8 150 6 100 4 50 2 0 0 width weight length

  10. First generation of Chernobyl seeds Controlfield Radioactive field pI 7 7 6 4 5 4 5 6 Proteintwo-dimensionalelectrophoresis (2-DE) kD 116 97 84 66 55 45 36 29 24 20

  11. Soybeans grown in Chernobyl Second generation – developing seeds days after flowering 14 28 42 M Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  12. A Non-radioactive field 160 Radioactive field 120 80 Dryweight 40 mm 0 12 8 400 mg 10 6 300 8 4 200 6 mature 6 4 5 Thickness 4 Freshweight 4 5 6 100 Weeksafterflowering 2 C B 2 Transfer coeficient Width 0,24 137Cs 0 0 0 4 5 6 0,18 Oilcontent 0,12 0,06 30 0 12 Seeds 90Sr 20 • % of drymass Shootsystem 9 • Radioactivefield 6 10 • Non-radioactivefield 3 0 0 seeds shoot Length 15 10 5 0

  13. Proteomics Non-radioactivefield Radioactivefield 5 WAF mature 4 WAF 5 WAF mature 6 WAF 4 WAF 6 WAF 2-DE gel matching ImageMaster Reference (pooled) gel Reference (pooled) gel 2-DE spot no. 457 2-DE spot no. 319 Developmental profiles Developmental profiles %V %V WAF WAF 2-DE spot 457/319 pairedprofiles %V Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture WAF Proteinidentification Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase (2-DE spot 457/319) proteins %V WAF

  14. Carbonassimilation FattyAcids Sucrose SBP 395/264 312/234 317/227 485/331 379/267 305/231 355/239 314/230 SuSy ATP ADP SuSy 168/101 172/103 Fructose UTP UDP PPI Fru-6-P Glc-1-P UDP-Glc • Cytosol Fru-1,6bisP UDPGP CO2 ATP Ru-1,5-bis P 516/362 LHCB 751/518 • Calvin Cycle Ru-5-P ADP G3P DHAP 768/529 • Plastid 884/602 NAD+ + Pi Fru- 1,6bis P TPI ATP 757/514 FBA NADH + H+ 943,637 941, 640 KAS I 1,3-bis PGA ADP DHAP G3P ADP PGK 560/389 ATP 669/467 3-PGA 3-PGA 2-PGA Enolase Acetyl- CoA H2O Malonyl-ACP

  15. ADP ATP ...continue 2-PGA Enolase 14-3-3 898/614 868/598 • regulation H2O 491/326 487/330 PEP • Nitrogen reassimilation • NH3 • Shunt to GS cycle Pyruvate Pyruvate • Glycine • Peroxisome • Glycine decarboxylasesystem • Photorespiration • Mitochondria ATP CoA Acetyl- CoA • Electron Transport Chain • Citrate 126/73 PEPC • Oxalacetate • Succinate • CitricAcidCycle E3 MDH 457/319 752/524 • Fumarate • Malate ATP synthase GDH1 SDH L GS1 T P SDH 936/630 321/212 723/485 321/212 650/458

  16. Workingmodel soybean Chernobylcontaminatedconditions adaptation toward heavy metals mobilization of SSPs cysteine-based defense system glycinin, proglycinin dehydrins beta conglycinin Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture ...confirmed in first and second generation soybean seeds

  17. Conclusions • The results indicating that alterations in the proteome include adaptation to heavy metal stress and mobilization of seed storage proteins. • The results also suggest that there have been adjustments to carbon metabolism in the cytoplasm and plastids, increased activity of the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle, and decreased condensation of malonyl-acyl carrier protein during fatty acid biosynthesis. • Thedataweredepositedto on-line database: http://www.chernobylproteomics.sav.sk Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  18. www.chernobylproteomics.sav.sk

  19. What´snext - we continue in the analysis of other plant species such as wheat, barley, flax, canola, and corn - we test suitability of oilseed crops (canola and flax) in Chernobyl area to produce oil for technical use - we would like to expand our research to Fukushima radio-contaminated area Veda Pre Budúcnosť Science ForTheFuture

  20. Twofieldsin Fukushimaregion Radio-contaminatedfield Non-radioactivefield Weneedhelp

  21. Benefits • unique dataset of response of agricultural crops toward radio-contaminted environment (Chernobyl, Fukushima) • scientific foundation for use of radio-contaminated areas for non-food agriculture (biodiesel, etc) • will help in case of nuclearaccidentin highly populated, low-income countries

  22. Acknowledgements

  23. Thank you for your attention we need help in the establishment of Fukushima experimental fields

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