The dadsd

1. Digestive System The dadsd CA 5th Grade Science Standards: 5LS2c. students know the sequential steps of digestion and the role of teeth and the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and colon in the function of the digestive system.

2. Purpose of the Digestive System The purpose of the digestive system is to take in food, break it down into a useful form your cells can use (nutrients), and get those nutrients into your blood so that the circulatory system can take it to every cell in your body.

3. What functions as the fuel for the human body? • The fuel your body • needs to keep • working is food .

4. Parts of the Digestive System 1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small Intestine 5. Large Intestine 6. Liver (A) 7. Gallbladder (B) 8. Pancreas (C)

5. What is the path food takes through your body? Mouth ▼ Esophagus ▼ Stomach ▼ Small Intestine ▼ Large Intestine ▼ Rectum/Anus 1.Mouth – Food is shredded by the teeth and mixed with saliva. Saliva breaks down starches into simple sugars and softens and moistens the food. The tongue pushes the food, now called bolus, down the esophagus. 2.Esophagus – The muscles in the esophagus push the bolus down into the stomach while its walls, lined with mucus, makes it easier for the food to slide down.

6. What is the path food takes through your body? 3.Stomach – Food is churned and mixed with digestive juices (enzymes and acid) that break protein causing the bolus to become a thick liquid, with the consistency of a milkshake (chyme). 4.Small Intestine – Partly digested food moves from the stomach to the small intestine, where it mixes with chemicals from the pancreas and the liver. Digested food passes into the bloodstream through the villi, which line the small intestine walls, and are transported throughout the body. Mouth ▼ Esophagus ▼ Stomach ▼ Small Intestine ▼ Large Intestine ▼ Rectum/Anus

7. What is the path food takes through your body? Mouth ▼ Esophagus ▼ Stomach ▼ Small Intestine ▼ Large Intestine ▼ Rectum/Anus 5.Large Intestine – Materials that cannot be absorbed pass into the large intestine. The large intestine absorbs water and stores waste until it can be eliminated from the body. 6.Rectum/Anus – solid waste, called feces, is eliminated from the body through the rectum.

8. What is a nutrient? Any substance found in food that is useful for your body.

9. How do nutrients move from the small intestine the body cells? • The small intestine is lined with fingerlike bumps called • villi. Villi increase the surface area of the small • intestine. This helps the transport of nutrients, because • it means there are more places for nutrients to be • absorbed into the blood. • Villi are full of capillaries. Nutrients move from the villi • of the small intestine into these capillaries through their • thin walls.

10. What system works with the digestive system to transport nutrients to your body cells? • The Circulatory System takes the nutrients • digested by the digestive system (and which • have passed into the blood through the thin • walls of the villi in the small intestine) and • transports it throughout the body to each • of the body cells.

11. What does the stomach, liver and pancreas have in common? • They each secret chemicals that help break • food down.

12. What’s the role of the liver? • It produces bile which breaks down fat.

13. What’s the role of the gallbladder? • Stores bile, produced by the liver, and • releases it to the small intestine when it is • needed.

14. What’s the role of the pancreas? • Produces enzymes that flow into the small • intestine to help neutralize stomach acid. • These enzymes are mixed with food as it • enters the small intestine.

15. Peristalsis? • Peristalsis is the strong wavelike muscle • contractions in the organs of the digestive • system that occur automatically in order to • help move food along from one part to the • next.