PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE Vs. Present Continuous Tense
The Present Simple Tense Paco likessports Paco likessports a lot. He doessportstokeepfit. He usuallyplaysbasketballwithhisfriends at weekends and, from time to time, theygofor a mountainbikeride. Paco enjoyscyclingverymuch. Theyintendto do Saint James Waynextyear.
The Present Simple Tense Positive: (+)SUBJECT + VERB* + OBJECT • *Thirdperson singular –s : (general rule) • he / she / itknows, starts, eats, lives, plays, reads, looks, obeys • Exceptions: • Verbs ending -y (after a consonant) + ies • e.g. study, carry, try, fly, cry. he / she / it studies / carries / tries / flies / cries • 2. Verbs ending -ss, -sh , -ch, -x + -es • e.g.kiss, wash, watch, mix.he/ she / itkisses, washes, watches, mixes • 3. Verbs ending -o • do, go he / she / itdoes, goes I play football. She plays football.
The Present Simple Tense Negative: (-) SUBJECT + DO / DOES + NOT + VERB + OBJECT I don’tplay football. He doesn’tplay football.
The Present Simple Tense Interrogative: (?) Theinterrogativestructure in thePresent Simple followsthispattern: Withoutaninterrogativepronoun: DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT OR COMPLEMENTS Do youplayfootball? Doessheplayfootball? Withaninterrogativepronoun: WH + DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB ? What do youwantto do? WH- PRONOUNS AND INTERROGATIVE PARTICLES: who, what , when, where, why, how, howmuch, howmany, howoften, what time, etc …
The Present Simple Tense • USES • We use thePresent Simple totalkabout: • Everydayactivities • e.g. I gotoschooleveryday. • Habits and routines • e.g. I usuallygooutwith my friends at weekends. • Permanentsituations • e.g. I live in Cañada del Hoyo. • Likes and dislikes • e.g. I love pizza. e.g. I hatestudying. • Stativeverbs • e.g. I feelveryhappytoday.
The Present Simple Tense Stativeverbs Verbsexpressingstates, possession, senses, emotions, and mental activities: 1. Verbs of senses (perception) – smell, see, hear, taste, feel e.g. I smell something burning in the kitchen. 2. Mental processes (thoughts) – know, believe, think, understand, mean, doubt e.g. She understands the principles of photosynthesis. 3. Possession possess, have, own, belong e.g. I have an allergy to cats. 4. Emotions, attitudes, opinions –like, love, hate, desire, need, want e.g.The boy needs new clothes. 5. Measurement –equal, measure, weigh, cost e.g. The shoes cost a lot of money.
Adverbs of frequency Adverbs of frequency go before any verb, except auxiliary verbs and the verb to be: Paco nevergets angry. V (ORDINARY VERB) Paco isalways happy. V (AUX. VERB)
Other ways to express frequency Adverbial phrases once, twice, three times a day/week/month… • everymorning/afternoon/day/week/month/year… • onMondays/weekdays • at weekends… Theygo at theend of thesentence: e.g.I do my homeworkeveryafternoon. or at thebeginningfollowedby a comma: e.g.Everyafternoon, I do my homework.
The Present Continuous Tense Paco isimprovinghisEnglish Is Paco reallyimprovinghislevel of English? Yes, he is. Paco istakingpainstolearnEnglish. He ismaking a greatefforttospeakEnglishproperly. He isstudyinghardbecause he needstheEnglishlanguageforhisjourneyaroundtheworld.
The Present Continuous Tense Positive: Subject + Present “tobe” + PresentParticiple (-ing) Negative: Subject + Present “tobe” + NOT + PresentParticiple (-ing) Interrogative: Present “tobe” + Subject + PresentParticiple (-ing)?
The Present Continuous Tense
The Present Continuous Tense Spelling rules for adding –ing to the verb (I): A. General rule: verb (base form) + ing. e.g. eat, read, look, clean → eating, reading, looking, cleaning B. Verbs ending with silent final -e drop the e, then add –ing. e.g. love, live, make, take → loving, living, making, taking C. 1- syllable verbs ending Consonant Vowel Consonant (CVC) double the final consonant, then add –ing. e.g. run, sit, stop, swim → running, sitting, stopping, swimming
The Present Continuous Tense Spelling rules for adding –ing to the verb (II): D. 2- syllable verbs ending with stress on the las syllable, double the final consonant, then add –ing. e.g. refer, begin, prefer, control → referring, beginning, preferring, controlling E. Verbs ending –l double the final consonant, then add –ing. e.g. travel, cancel → travelling, cancelling F. Verbs ending –ie change –ie to –y, then add –ing. e.g. die, lie → dying, lying
The Present Continuous Tense • USES • We use PresentContinuoustotalkabout: • 1.Actions happening at themoment of speaking. • e.g.Paco iswearing a new suit. • 2. Alsoforseveralactions happening at thesame time: • e.g.Colinisplayingfootball and Anneiswatching. • 3.Actions happening in a periodaroundthepresentmoment in time. • e.g.Thomas’scousinisstayingwiththemthesedays. • 4.Futureplans and arrangements. e.g.Andrés ismeeting Paco nextSaturday .
